《植物生殖生物学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Chapter 2 植物雄性不育性 Plant male sterility

Chapter2植物雄性不育性Plant male sterility 雄性不育性的概念 What is plant male sterility? 二、 雄性不育性的类型 Type of plant male sterility 三、 雄性不育性的一些基本问题 Basic knowledge on plant male sterility 四、 雄性不育性的细胞学研究 Cytological mechanism of plant male sterility 五、 雄性不育性的遗传学研究 六 Genetics on plant male sterility 雄性不育性的分子机制 Molecular mechanism of plant male sterility

1 Chapter 2 植物雄性不育性 Plant male sterility 一、 雄性不育性的概念 What is plant male sterility? 二、 雄性不育性的类型 Type of plant male sterility 三、 雄性不育性的一些基本问题 Basic knowledge on plant male sterility 四、 雄性不育性的细胞学研究 Cytological mechanism of plant male sterility 五、 雄性不育性的遗传学研究 Genetics on plant male sterility 六、 雄性不育性的分子机制 Molecular mechanism of plant male sterility

一、雄性不育性的概念 What is plant male sterility? OSterility:There are no functional gamete in plant,or do not produce active zygote at some definite condition. ● Plant male sterility:No normal anther, or pollen,or male gamete. O 43 famila,162 genera,320 species Pattern of plant male sterility

2 一、 雄性不育性的概念 What is plant male sterility? ● Sterility: There are no functional gamete in plant, or do not produce active zygote at some definite condition. ● Plant male sterility: No normal anther, or pollen, or male gamete. ● 43 famila, 162 genera, 320 species ● Pattern of plant male sterility

Pattern of plant male sterility ○雌雄异株植物群体中，完全缺乏雄性个体或具 高度缺陷的雄性个体。 No male or the with abnormal male plants in the group of dioecism(雌雄异株 植物) 3

3 ● Pattern of plant male sterility ○雌雄异株植物群体中，完全缺乏雄性个体或具 高度缺陷的雄性个体。 No male or the with abnormal male plants in the group of dioecism(雌雄异株 植物)

雌雄同株植物(monoecism)中： ◎雄性器官萎缩、畸形或消失 Stamen or anther compressed,scattered, or completely sloughed off during the development of stamen ©不能形成正常的小孢子发生组织 No normal microsporangium develope

4 ○雌雄同株植物(monoecism)中： ◎雄性器官萎缩、畸形或消失 Stamen or anther compressed, scattered, or completely sloughed off during the development of stamen ◎不能形成正常的小孢子发生组织 No normal microsporangium develope

⊙小孢子发生异常，形成不能存活、畸形或败育 花粉 Abnormal microspore developed, or microspores died, or sterile pollen developed ©花粉不能成熟或无萌发能力 No mature pollen. Pollen can not germinate ©花粉有生活力但花药不开裂 No dehiscence of anthers found but with normal pollen 5

5 ◎小孢子发生异常，形成不能存活、畸形或败育 花粉 Abnormal microspore developed, or microspores died, or sterile pollen developed ◎花粉不能成熟或无萌发能力 No mature pollen. Pollen can not germinate ◎花粉有生活力但花药不开裂 No dehiscence of anthers found but with normal pollen

二、雄性不育性的类型 Type of plant male sterility 植物雄性不育性的分类(classification) O表现型分类(Classified by morphology) ©结构性雄性不育：雄性器官结构异常→无 花粉 Structural sterility:abnormal stamen results in no pollens

6 二、雄性不育性的类型 Type of plant male sterility ● 植物雄性不育性的分类(classification) ○表现型分类(Classified by morphology) ◎结构性雄性不育：雄性器官结构异常→无 花粉 Structural sterility: abnormal stamen results in no pollens

Classification ▣孢子发生雄性不育：小孢子发生或雄配子体发 生异常→花粉异常 Male sterility happing during the development of microspore ©功能性雄性不育：花粉正常但花药不开裂 Functional male sterility:No dehiscence of anthers found but with normal pollen

7 Classification ◎孢子发生雄性不育：小孢子发生或雄配子体发 生异常→花粉异常 Male sterility happing during the development of microspore ◎功能性雄性不育：花粉正常但花药不开裂 Functional male sterility: No dehiscence of anthers found but with normal pollen

● 植物雄性不育性的分类 classification O基因型分类(Classified by genotype) 回细胞核雄性不育(genic male sterility). O细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS) O核质互作型雄性不育(gene-cytoplasmic male sterility) 8

8 ● 植物雄性不育性的分类 classification ○基因型分类(Classified by genotype) ◎细胞核雄性不育（genic male sterility） ◎ 细 胞 质 雄 性 不 育 （ cytoplasmic male sterility，CMS） ◎核质互作型雄性不育（gene-cytoplasmic male sterility）

水稻雄性不育的分类 classification 700多个 O核雄性不育性genic male sterility ©不受环境影响的核雄性不育性（核不育） Male sterility affected by environment ◎光温敏核雄性不育性 photoperiod and temperature-sensitive ▲光敏核雄性不育性(photoperiod-.sensitive): 农垦58S(nongken58s)、7001S ▲温敏核雄性不育性(temperature-sensitive): 培矮64S(peiai64s)、安农S(annong s) 9

9 ● 水稻雄性不育的分类 classification 700多个 ○核雄性不育性 genic male sterility ◎不受环境影响的核雄性不育性（核不育） Male sterility affected by environment ◎光温敏核雄性不育性 photoperiod and temperature-sensitive ▲光敏核雄性不育性(photoperiod-sensitive) ： 农垦58S(nongken 58s)、7001S ▲温敏核雄性不育性(temperature-sensitive)： 培矮64S(peiai 64s)、安农Ｓ(annong s)

classification ○核质互作雄性不育性 gene-cytoplasmic male sterility 10

10 classification ○核质互作雄性不育性 gene-cytoplasmic male sterility