《化学工艺学》课程PPT教学课件（英文讲稿）Chapter 4 Aromatic transformation process

Chapter 4Aromatic transformationprocess

Aromatic transformation process Chapter 4

Aromatictransformation processProduction method of aromaticsMain contentsAromatic transformationCsaromatic separation

Aromatic transformation process Main contents 1 2 3 Production method of aromatics Aromatic transformation C8 aromatic separation

4.1 IntroductionMain aromatics and useBenzene,Tolueneand Xylenes (BTX)Csaromatics: Ethyl benzene,mixture of threexyleneisomersMixture xylenes (industrial terms)are the mixtureof ethyl benzeneandthree xylene isomers.C9aromatics:Isopropylbenzene,pseudocumeneand mesitylene

Main aromatics and use ⚫ Benzene, Toluene and Xylenes (BTX) ⚫ C8 aromatics：Ethyl benzene, mixture of three xylene isomers ⚫ Mixture xylenes (industrial terms) are the mixture of ethyl benzene and three xylene isomers. ⚫ C9 aromatics: Isopropylbenzene, pseudocumene and mesitylene 4.1 Introduction

NHOHNONitration[0]OHCH,CH,<CH,Alkylation-C,H,CH=CH, → PolystyreneABS resinBenzeneAlkylbenzene-Detergent(long chain)+Nylon6HexanolactamAddition[0]Hexane diacidAlcohol,ketonePolystyrene聚苯乙烯Hexanolactam己内酰胺，Detergent洗涤剂

Benzene CH3 CH3 CH3 C2H5 CH = CH2 Polystyrene ABS resin Alkyl benzene (long chain) Detergent OH OH NO2 NH2 H2 [O] Addition Hexanolactam Nylon 6 Alcohol, ketone Hexane diacid [O] Nitration Alkylation Hexanolactam 己内酰胺，Detergent 洗涤剂，Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯

DisproportionationBenzene,xylenesDealkylationBenzeneCHOxidation-TerephthalicacidBenzoic acidNitrationTolueneTNT explosiveAlkylationMethyl cumeneCresolTerephthalicacid--对苯二甲酸，Methylcumene--甲基异丙苯，Cresol一甲酚

Toluene CH3 Disproportionation Benzene, xylenes Dealkylation Benzene Oxidation Benzoic acid Terephthalic acid Nitration TNT explosive Alkylation Methyl cumene Cresol Terephthalic acid-对苯二甲酸，Methyl cumene-甲基异丙苯，Cresol—甲酚

TerephthalicOxidation-PolyesteracidP-Xylene聚酯+ Dye, medicineCHPhthalic- Synthetic resinO-Xyleneanhydride合成树酯苯酐PaintCH3ResinXyleneM-XylenePlasticizer增塑剂P-diethylbenzeneAlkylationC,Hs(Desorption agent)DiethylbenzeneDivinylbenzene(Surfactant)DehydrogenationStyreneEthyl benezene

Oxidation Xylene P-Xylene O-Xylene M-Xylene Terephthalic acid Polyester Dye, medicine Phthalic anhydride Synthetic resin Paint Resin Plasticizer CH3 CH3 Ethyl benezene Styrene Dehydrogenation Alkylation Diethylbenzene P- diethylbenzene (Desorption agent) Divinylbenzene (Surfactant) C2H5 聚酯 苯酐 合成树酯 增塑剂

Sourceand production methods of aromaticsCoalchemical route(Coking aromatics)Crudebenzolfractions:95%BTX(170C)CoalCoal tarPhenoloil:(170-210)carbonizationNaphthalene0il:(210-230C)Petroleumroutes(Petroleumaromatics):1)Cracking gasoline:BTX50-70%-extraction separation (Sulfolane)环丁矾2)Reforminggasoline:BTX50-70%3)Aromatizationoflowcarbonhydrocarbon:BTXDehydrogenation,cyclization,aromatization

Petroleum routes (Petroleum aromatics): 1) Cracking gasoline: BTX 50-70℅  extraction separation (Sulfolane) 2) Reforming gasoline: BTX 50-70℅ 3) Aromatization of low carbon hydrocarbon : C2—C5 BTX Dehydrogenation, cyclization, aromatization 一、Source and production methods of aromatics Coal chemical route (Coking aromatics) Coal carbonization Coal tar Crude benzol fractions: 95%BTX (~170℃) Phenol oil : (170-210℃) Naphthalene oil: (210-230℃) 环丁砜

1. Coking aromatic productionPrimary cooling,purification,Final cooling ;CrudeCoal carbonizationCrude gasWashoilabsorption,benzolDistillation and desorptionFractionationFractionationBTX mixtureLightFractionationfractionsbenzeneCrudebenzolRefining by Sulfuric acid orHeavycatalytic hydrogenationBenzenebenzeneToluenexylenes

1．Coking aromatic production Fractionation Coal carbonization Crude gas Primary cooling, purification, Final cooling ; Wash oil absorption, Distillation and desorption. Crude benzol Light benzene Heavy benzene Fractionation BTX mixture fractions Refining by Sulfuric acid or catalytic hydrogenation Fractionation Benzene Toluene xylenes Crude benzol

Crude benzolIcomponentsBTC9OthersComponents1-2%55-75%11-22%2.5-6%5.0-12.8Mass fraction

Crude benzol components Components B T X C9 Others Mass fraction 55-75% 11-22% 2.5-6% 1-2% 5.0-12.8

2.Production of petroleum aromaticsProduction aromatics by catalytic reforming ofnaphthaproduction aromatics by cracking gasolineAromatization of light hydrocarbon and heavyaromatics tolightaromatics

2. Production of petroleum aromatics ⚫ Production aromatics by catalytic reforming of naphtha ⚫ production aromatics by cracking gasoline ⚫ Aromatization of light hydrocarbon and heavy aromatics to light aromatics