南京大学：《物联网技术导论 Introduction of Internet of Things》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）专题——物联网定位机制（概念、原理与前沿技术）以及基于位置的服务

“物联网技术导论”课程专题报告 专题：物联网的定位机制 以及基于位置的服务 谢磊散授 南京大学计算机科学与技术系

专题：物联网的定位机制 以及基于位置的服务 谢磊 教授 南京大学计算机科学与技术系 “物联网技术导论”课程专题报告

主要内容： 定位技术背景(Location--aware technology) 二、定位机制研究 Localization 三、基于位置的服务(Location based Service):架构与进展 四、参考文献

一、定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) 主要内容： 二、定位机制研究（Localization） 四、参考文献 三、基于位置的服务(Location based Service):架构与进展

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) The proliferation of wireless and mobile devices has fostered the demand for context-aware applications,in which location is viewed as one of the most significant contexts. - pervasive medical care 一 smart space 一 goods transportation,inventory,and warehousing

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) • The proliferation of wireless and mobile devices has fostered the demand for context-aware applications, in which location is viewed as one of the most significant contexts. – pervasive medical care – smart space – goods transportation, inventory, and warehousing

定位技术背景(Location-.aware technology) Location-based service (LBS)is a key enabling technology of these applications and widely exists in nowadays wireless communication networks from the short-range Bluetooth to the long-range telecommunication networks. ● ●●●●● 88 ●●●●● ●●●●● ●● ●●●●●

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) • Location-based service (LBS) is a key enabling technology of these applications and widely exists in nowadays wireless communication networks from the short-range Bluetooth to the long-range telecommunication networks

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) Indoor (Local) Indoor/Outdoor Outdoor (Global) Bluetooth GSM(2G) UWB WiFi ZigBee GPS Intrared UMTS (3G) Personal Wireless Wireless Telecommu- Satellite Area WLAN Ad-Hoc Sensor nication Based Networks Networks Networks Networks Location-Based Services (LBS) Location-based services for a wide range of wireless networks

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) Location-based services for a wide range of wireless networks

定位技术背景(Location-.aware technology) Location information also supports many fundamental network services,including network routing, topology control, 一 coverage, boundary detection, R可 clustering,etc. 1 @ e

定位技术背景(Location-aware technology) • Location information also supports many fundamental network services, including – network routing, – topology control, – coverage, – boundary detection, – clustering, etc

定位机制研究(Localization Existing positioning systems Manual configuration is often infeasible for large-scale deployments or mobile systems. Global Positioning System(GPS)is not suitable for indoor or underground environments and suffers from high hardware cost. Local Positioning Systems (LPS)rely on high density base stations being deployed,an expensive burden for most resource- constrained wireless ad hoc networks

定位机制研究（Localization） • Existing positioning systems – Manual configuration is often infeasible for large-scale deployments or mobile systems. – Global Positioning System (GPS) is not suitable for indoor or underground environments and suffers from high hardware cost. – Local Positioning Systems (LPS) rely on high density base stations being deployed, an expensive burden for most resource￾constrained wireless ad hoc networks

定位机制研究(Localization The limitations of existing positioning systems motivate a novel scheme of network localization. - Some special nodes (a.k.a.anchors or beacons)know their global locations and the rest determine their locations by measuring the geographic information of their local neighboring nodes. ●

定位机制研究（Localization） • The limitations of existing positioning systems motivate a novel scheme of network localization. – Some special nodes (a.k.a. anchors or beacons) know their global locations and the rest determine their locations by measuring the geographic information of their local neighboring nodes

定位机制研究(Localization Almost all existing localization algorithms consist of two stages: -1)measuring geographic information from the ground truth of network deployment; 2)computing node locations according to the measured data. Geographic information i includes a variety of geometric relationships from coarse-grained neighbor-awareness to fine- grained inter-node rangings (e.g.,distance or angle)

定位机制研究（Localization） • Almost all existing localization algorithms consist of two stages: – 1) measuring geographic information from the ground truth of network deployment; – 2) computing node locations according to the measured data. • Geographic information includes a variety of geometric relationships from coarse-grained neighbor-awareness to fine￾grained inter-node rangings (e.g., distance or angle)

定位机制研究(Localization Based on physical measurements,localization algorithms solve the problem that how the location information f from beacon nodes spreads network-wide. Generally,the design of localization algorithms largely depends on a wide range of factors,including resource availability,accuracy requirements,and deployment restrictions

定位机制研究（Localization） • Based on physical measurements, localization algorithms solve the problem that how the location information from beacon nodes spreads network-wide. • Generally, the design of localization algorithms largely depends on a wide range of factors, including resource availability, accuracy requirements, and deployment restrictions