《人体寄生虫学 Human parasitology》课程教学课件（讲稿）Lectures 13 malaria and Toxoplasma

SummaryPlasmodium,Toxoplasma,Trypanosoma,Entamoeba,Leishmania,GiardiaIntroductionMorphologyLife CyclePathologyDiagnosisEpidemiology,Treatment and Prevention

Summary  Introduction  Morphology  Life Cycle  Pathology  Diagnosis  Epidemiology, Treatment and Prevention Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, Entamoeba, Leishmania, Giardia

Malaria Parasites(Plasmodium)

Malaria Parasites (Plasmodium)

CharlesLouis AlphonseLaveranFrenchdoctorInstitute PasteurParis,France1845-1922The Nobel Prize inPhysiologyorMedicine1907:find the P.falciparum inpatient's blood in 1880"inrecognitionofhisworkonthe roleplayed by protozoa incausing diseases

Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran  French doctor  Institute Pasteur Paris, France  1845-1922  The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1907: find the P.falciparum in patient’s blood in 1880.  "in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases

RonaldRossGreatBritainUniversity CollegeLiverpool,GreatBritain1857-1932The Nobel Prize in PhysiologyorMedicine 1902:findthevector(mosguito)andinfectionrouteofmalariain1897"forhis work on malaria,by whichhehasshownhowitenterstheorganismandtherebyhaslaidthefoundation for successful researchon thisdisease andmethods ofcombatingit

Ronald Ross  Great Britain University College Liverpool, Great Britain  1857-1932  The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902: find the vector (mosquito) and infection route of malaria in 1897  "for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it

IntroductionFourspeciesinfectinghumans:P. vivax (Pv)P.falciparum (Pf)P.malariae (Pm)P.ovale (Po)

Introduction Four species infecting humans:  P. vivax (Pv)  P. falciparum (Pf)  P. malariae (Pm)  P. ovale (Po)

SpeciesHostGenomesBindsAvianPgallineceum1cladeAodentsP.chabaudiRodentPbergheicladeP.yoelHumens旦PvivexMonkeyRP.cymomolgiMonkey红旦cladeP.knowlasi国国PmalariaePovaleAricanapeMP.reichenowiHominidcladeAP.faiciparum20F

MosquitoSporozoiteSporozoite001010LiverOocyst08%MerozoiteErythrocytic stageOokineteZygoteErythrocyte0QOOOQGametocytesRedbloodcellsdOokineteOocyst0FemaleMerozoitesgametocytewallMidgutMalegametocyte

Anophelesgambiae:adultfemalebloodfeedingonhumanskin

Anopheles gambiae: adult female bloodfeeding on human skin

Characteristic of life cycleIntermediatehost:humanFinalhost:mosquitoInfectivestage:sporozoiteInfectivemode:mosquitobiteskinofhumanParasiticposition:liverandredbloodcells(symptomatic)Transmitted stage:gametocytesSchizogoniccycleinredcells:48hrs/Pv;36-48hrs/PfSporozoite:tachysporoziteandbradysporozite

Characteristic of life cycle  Intermediate host : human  Final host : mosquito  Infective stage : sporozoite  Infective mode : mosquito bite skin of human  Parasitic position : liver and red blood cells (symptomatic)  Transmitted stage : gametocytes  Schizogonic cycle in red cells : 48 hrs/Pv；36-48 hrs/Pf  Sporozoite : tachysporozite and bradysporozite

Life Cycle in Mosquito10daysat25Inmosquito stomach:gametogony:stomach lumengamogenesissexualreproductionsporogony:stomachwall agamogenesisasexualreproductionOokineteOocyst0FemalegametocyteOzygoteMidgutMalegametocyte

Life Cycle in Mosquito  10 days at 25℃  In mosquito stomach:  gametogony: stomach lumen gamogenesis sexual reproduction  sporogony: stomach wall agamogenesis asexual reproduction zygote