《植物育种学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，英文版）PLANT BREEDING 05

CHAPTER 5 砂CN吧EDNG 选择育神 BY s Niu Yingze (牛应门 Dept of Plant Breeding and Seed Engineering

CHAPTER 5 SELECTION BREEDING 选择育种 BY Niu Yingze （牛应泽） Dept. of Plant Breeding and Seed Engineering

8 1 Significance and Methods of Selection 选择的意义和方法 What is selection Breeding? Conception: p 63 ie, Pedigree Breeding系统育种 Pure line breeding纯系育种 Buk< selection Breeding( Mass selection,混合选择育种)

1. What is Selection Breeding? Conception: p.63. i.e. Pedigree Breeding 系统育种 Pure line Breeding 纯系育种 Bulk-selection Breeding （Mass selection ,混合选择育种) §1 Significance and Methods of Selection 选择的意义和方法

2. The roles of Selection in Plant Improvement No selection, no breeding Selection in plant breeding is genetically not creative, but in certain sense is creative Selection does not create new genes but can create new varieties. Main effects: orientation in variations of plant population accumulation of variations in plants Creation of new cultivars or crop types

2. The Roles of Selection in Plant Improvement ▪ No selection, no breeding ▪ Selection in plant breeding is genetically not creative, but in certain sense is creative Selection does not create new genes but can create new varieties. Main effects: - orientation in variations of plant population - accumulation of variations in plants - Creation of new cultivars or crop types

3. Basic methods of selection 1)Individual selection(Single-plant Selection) Progeny tests, high selection effects 2) Bulk selection(Mass Selection) Without progeny test, low selection effects

3. Basic Methods of Selection 1) Individual Selection (Single-plant Selection) Progeny tests, high selection effects 2) Bulk Selection (Mass Selection) Without progeny test, low selection effects

一次单株选择法 第一年 原始群体 选优株 第二年 选优良 株系 第三年 选优良 品系 第四年 品系比 较 淘汰 对照 当选 品系 品种 品系

一次单株选择法 原始群体 对照 品种 当选 品系 淘汰 品系 第一年 第二年 第三年 第四年 选优良 株系 选优株 品系比 较 选优良 品系

一次混合选择法 原始群体 选择优良单株 混合脱粒 对照品种 混合选择种 原始品种比较鉴定 新品种 大田推广

一次混合选择法 原始群体 对照品种 混合选择种 原始品种 新品种 混合脱粒 选择优良单株 大田推广 比较鉴定

第一年 原始群体 选择优株 第二年 分系 比较 第三年 混系繁殖 混系繁殖 对照 改良混合 原始 第四年 品种 选择种 比较鉴定 品种 改良混合选择法

原始群体 混系繁殖 改良混合 选择种 对照 品种 原始 品种 第一年 第三年 第二年 第四年 选择优株 混系繁殖 分系 比较 比较鉴定 改良混合选择法

4. Integrated Applications of Basic Selection Methods基本育种方法的综合应用 l) Group Bulk selection集团混合选择 Plant height; Maturity length; Morphology 2) Modified bulk selection改良混合选择 Individual selection Bulk selection 3) Maternal line selection母系选择法 Non-isolated, selecting according to Phenotypes of individual plants (i.e. mass selection for cross-pollinated crops Used for cross-pollinated plants

4. Integrated Applications of Basic Selection Methods 基本育种方法的综合应用 1) Group Bulk Selection 集团混合选择 Plant height; Maturity length; Morphology 2) Modified Bulk Selection 改良混合选择 Individual selection + Bulk selection 3) Maternal line Selection 母系选择法 Non-isolated, selecting according to Phenotypes of individual plants (i.e. mass selection for cross-pollinated crops) Used for cross-pollinated plants

5. Reproduction Modes of Plants and Selection Methods (1) Self pollinated and often cross pollinated plants Both individual selection and bulk or group bulk selection methods are applicable (2) Selection Methods for cross pollinated plants Bulk selection; group bulk selection; Modified bulk selection; Maternal line selection 3) Selection Methods for asexually propagated plants Individual(clonal) selection, Bulk selection

5. Reproduction Modes of Plants and Selection Methods (1) Self pollinated and often cross pollinated plants Both individual selection and bulk or group bulk selection methods are applicable (2) Selection Methods for cross pollinated plants Bulk selection; group bulk selection; Modified bulk selection; Maternal line selection (3) Selection Methods for asexually propagated plants Individual (clonal) selection, Bulk selection

8 2 Special Characteristics and Efficiency of Selection Breeding 选择育种的特点和成效 Characteristics of Selection Breeding Selection from superior populations and procedure simple Continuous selection of superiorindividuals with continuous improvement 2. History and achievements of selection Breeding It is an ancient breeding method: from Han dynasty in China A breeding method of great contribution to agri. production in 1950-1970s for wheat, rice, cotton, barley, rapeseed (P70)

§2 Special Characteristics and Efficiency of Selection Breeding 选择育种的特点和成效 1. Characteristics of Selection Breeding • Selection from superior populations and procedure simple • Continuous selection of superior individuals with continuous improvement 2. History and Achievements of Selection Breeding • It is an ancient breeding method: from Han dynasty in China • A breeding method of great contribution to agri. production in 1950-1970’s for wheat, rice, cotton, barley, rapeseed (P70.)