《微生物学》（英文版）Chapter 9 Microbial Ecology

Chapter 9 Microbial Ecology Microbial ecology = Environmental microbiology The term microbial ecology is now used in a general way to describe the presence and distributions of microorganisms Microbial ecology is the the study of the behavior and activities of microorganisms in their natural environments

Chapter 9 Microbial Ecology Microbial ecology = ? Environmental microbiology The term microbial ecology is now used in a general way to describe the presence and distributions of microorganisms. Microbial ecology is the the study of the behavior and activities of microorganisms in their natural environments

Environmental microbiology, in comparison, relates primarily to all-over microbial processes that occur in a soil, water or food, as examples. It is not concerned with the particular microenvironment where the microorganisms actually are functioning, but with the broader-scale effects of microbial presence and activities

Environmental microbiology, in comparison, relates primarily to all- over microbial processes that occur in a soil, water or food, as examples. It is not concerned with the particular microenvironment where the microorganisms actually are functioning, but with the broader-scale effects of microbial presence and activities

Chapter 9 Microbial Ecology 9. 1 Microorganisms in nature ecosystem 9.2 Microbial population interactions 9.3 Biogeochemical cycles 9. 4 Plant-microbe interactions 9.5 Bioremediation

9.1 Microorganisms in nature ecosystem 9.2 Microbial population interactions 9.3 Biogeochemical cycles 9.4 Plant-microbe interactions 9.5 Bioremediation Chapter 9 Microbial Ecology

9.1 Microorganisms in nature ecosystem 1. Microorganisms and microenvironment 2. Terrestrial Environments 3. Freshwater Environments 4. Marine environments

9.1 Microorganisms in nature ecosystem 1. Microorganisms and microenvironment 2. Terrestrial Environments 3. Freshwater Environments 4. Marine Environments

9.1.1 Microorganisms and microenvironment populations guilds communities ecosystem

9.1.1 Microorganisms and microenvironment populations guilds communities ecosystem

In a microbial ecosystem individual cells grow to form populations Metabolically related populations constitute groupings called guilds Sets of guilds conducting complementary physiological processes interact to form microbial communities

Metabolically related populations constitute groupings called guilds. Sets of guilds conducting complementary physiological processes interact to form microbial communities. In a microbial ecosystem individual cells grow to form populations

0→8→888 ○○ Individual Population

Community 2 Community 1 Oxic zone- Photic zone Chemoorganotrophic cyanobacteria and algae bacteria 6CO2+6H20 ceH12O6+60 6C02+6H2O ceH12O6+602 Sediments Anoxic zone

Community 3 1. Guild 1: methanogenic bacteria(CO2→→CH homoacetogenic bacteria(CO -> acetate) 2. Guild 2: sulfate-reducing bacteria (SO2 sultur-reducing bacteria/s0 4 H2S H2S 4. Guild 4: fermentative bacteria (fermenting sugars, amino and fatty acids, and so on) Community 3 Sediments

Community 3

Microbial communities then interact with communities of macroorganisms to define the entire ecosystem

Microbial communities then interact with communities of macroorganisms to define the entire ecosystem