复旦大学上海医学院：《生理学》精品课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）Chapter 02 细胞的基本功能 BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL

Chapter 2 BASIC FUNCT IONS OF THE CELL 8 1. The cell membrane its transport ● Fluid mosaic model e Transport across cell membrane 米 Simple diffusion *k Facilitated diffusion *k Active transport k Secondary active transport k Exocytosis endocytosis

Chapter 2 § 1. The cell membrane & its transport • Fluid mosaic model • Transport across cell membrane * Simple diffusion * Facilitated diffusion * Active transport * Secondary active transport * Exocytosis & endocytosis BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL

脂质双分子层 膜外侧糖链 亲水性基团 蛋白质 疏水性基团 Fluid mosaic model of membrane

Fluid mosaic model of membrane

k Simple diffusion its energy source O, CO,. NH. NO. etc k Facilitated diffusion its characteristics Facilitated diffusion via ion channel Chemically gated channel Voltage-gated channel Mechanically gated channel Nat. K+ Ca2+ Cl- channel Facilitated diffusion via carrier Glucose amino acids. some ions. etc

* Simple diffusion & its energy source O2 , CO2 , NH3 , NO, etc. * Facilitated diffusion & its characteristics Facilitated diffusion via ion channel Chemically gated channel Voltage-gated channel Mechanically gated channel Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Cl− channel Facilitated diffusion via carrier Glucose, amino acids, some ions, etc

通道开放 Facilitated diffusion via ion channel

Facilitated diffusion via ion channel

细胞外液 载体 通道 胞浆 Facilitated diffusion via carrier

Facilitated diffusion via carrier

k Active transport Sodium-potassium pump its effects Other pumps: calcium pump, proton pump k Secondary active transport Membrane protein: pump+transporter Forms: symport antiport ck Exocytosis endocytosis Exocytosis: cell secretion Endocytosis: phagocytosis Receptor mediated endocytosis

* Active transport Sodium-potassium pump & its effects Other pumps: calcium pump, proton pump * Secondary active transport Membrane protein: pump+transporter Forms: symport & antiport * Exocytosis & endocytosis Exocytosis: cell secretion Endocytosis: phagocytosis Receptor mediated endocytosis

3 Na 膜外 2K+ ATP酶 膜内 3 Na 2 K ATP ADP+ Pi Sodium-potassium pump

Sodium-potassium pump

a+葡萄糖 氨基酸 紧密连接 0Q000DA00 K+ K 钠泵 D钠泵 载体 载体 葡萄糖 氨基酸 Secondary active transport

Secondary active transport

线粒体 粗面内质网 吞噬体溶酶体 高尔基复合体 D 吞噬体 溶酶体 e●细菌 Exocytosis endocytosis

Exocytosis & endocytosis

再循环囊泡￠ 吞饮小泡 胞内体 Receptor mediated 次级溶酶体 6 endocytosis

Receptor mediated endocytosis