《耳鼻喉科学 Otolaryngology》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）pharynx and larynx_13.acute and chronic pharyngitis acute and chronic tonsilitis

Acute pharyngitis

Acute pharyngitis

OutlineAcute pharyngitis is an acuteinflammation of the pharyngealmucosa,eventhe submucosaandlymphtictissuesalsoaresufferedfrom.Itis usually resultedfromtheacutetonsillitis and the acute rhinitisoris frequently part of an upper/tractinfectionrespiratory

Outline Acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, even the submucosa and lymphtic tissues also are suffered from. It is usually resulted from the acute tonsillitis and the acute rhinitis or is frequently part of an upper respiratory tract infection

Causes1.Viruses:CoxsakievirusesAdenoviruses、Rhinovirusesandinfluenzaviruses2.Bacteria:E-hemolytic StreptococciHemophilus influenzae etc.3.Environmental factor:suchashightemperature,dust,smoke andirrigategasesetc

Causes 1.Viruses: Coxsakie viruses、 Adenoviruses 、Rhinoviruses and influenza viruses. 2.Bacteria: E-hemolytic Streptococci 、 Hemophilus influenzae etc. 3.Environmental factor: such as high temperature, dust, smoke and irrigate gases etc

Clinical featureMilderinfectionspresentwithdiscomfortin the throat, some malaise and lowgradefever.Pharynx inthesecasesiscongestedbutthereisnolymphadenopathy

Clinical feature  Milder infections present with discomfort in the throat, some malaise and low grade fever. Pharynx in these cases is congested but there is no lymphadenopathy

Clinical featureModerate and severe infections presentwith painin throat,dysphagiaheadache,malaiseandhighfeverPharynxinthesecasesshowserythema,extrudeandenlargementoftonsilsandlymphoidfolliclesontheposteriorpharyngealwall.Very severe cases show edema of softpalate and uvula with enlargement ofcervicalnodes

Clinical feature  Moderate and severe infections present with pain in throat, dysphagia, headache, malaise and high fever. Pharynx in these cases shows erythema, extrude and enlargement of tonsils and lymphoid follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall.  Very severe cases show edema of soft palate and uvula with enlargement of cervical nodes

Clinical manifestation1.Severepain in the throat, particularlyodynophagia.The paincan referto theears2.Clinical findings are comparatively mild.3.Mildto moderate hyperemiaand edema4.Mild enlargementof thejugulodigastric nodes might occur.5.Theleukocytecountis not elevated anmightactuallybedepressed.6.lfnocomplicationoccurs,theperiodusuallyisoneweek

Clinical manifestation  1.Severe pain in the throat, particularly odynophagia. The pain can refer to the ears.  2.Clinical findings are comparatively mild.  3.Mild to moderate hyperemia and edema  4.Mild enlargement of the jugulodigastric nodes might occur.  5.The leukocyte count is not elevated and might actually be depressed.  6.If no complication occurs, the period usually is one week

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Diagnosis*HistorySymtomsandsignsCultureof throat swab ishelpful inthediagnosis of bacterial pharyngitisDiphtheriaisculturedonspecialmediaSwab from the a suspected case ofgonococcalpharyngitisshouldbecultured immediatelywithout delay

Diagnosis  History  Symtoms and signs  Culture of throat swab is helpful in the diagnosis of bacterial pharyngitis. Diphtheria is cultured on special media. Swab from the a suspected case of gonococcal pharyngitis should be cultured immediately without delay

Treatment1.Gargling withwarm,diluted saltwaterorDobell'ssolution.2.Analgesics:e.g.,aspirin,10 g oracetaminophen,360 mgthreetimesdaily3.Antiviruses or antibiotics.4.lfpossible,swabthepharynxforculture before treatment begins

Treatment 1.Gargling with warm,diluted salt water or Dobell’s solution. 2.Analgesics:e.g.,aspirin,10 g or acetaminophen, 360 mg three times daily. 3.Antiviruses or antibiotics. 4.If possible, swab the pharynx for culture before treatment begins

Chronic pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis