《耳鼻喉科学 Otolaryngology》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）nose_1 Anatomy ,Physiology, Examination of Nose

Anatomy ,Physiology,Examination of Nose

Anatomy ,Physiology, Examination of Nose

Anatomy of noseSkullAnterior ViewNasal boneGfabella (offrontal bone)Supraorbitalnotch[foramen) (oftrontalboneCoronal sutureExternalnoseParietalboneOrbital surface offrontaiNasal cavity-LesserwingofsphenoidLacrimalboneGreaterwingofsphenoidFrontal process ofAccessory nasalzygomafic.boneTemporal boneOrbital surfaceofOrbital plateof ethmoidzygomaticbonesinusesPerpendicularpiate ofethmoidTemporal processofzygomatic boneMiddlenasalconchaofethmoidInferiornasatconchaZygomaticofacial foramer-VomerZygomatic process ofRamusorOrbitalsurfaceofmaxiliBodyofmandibleInfraorbitalforamen(ofmaxdila)Mental foramen.ofFrontalprocessofMentaltubercle(ofAveolarprocess ofAnteriornasal spine (ofmaxilla)Mentatprotuberance (orB-CEIS

Anatomy of nose ❖ External nose ❖ Nasal cavity ❖ Accessory nasal sinuses

External noseNasal rootNasal bridgeNasal apexColumella nasiNasal dorsumAlae nasiUeuecg.net-Anterial nares养州1例软价小黑教伴KR大剪软饰（易外形结构）（尊软书热构）【幕外形结构】易软管精构

External nose ❖ Nasal root ❖ Nasal bridge ❖ Nasal apex ❖ Columella nasi ❖ Nasal dorsum ❖ Alae nasi ❖ Anterial nares

ExternalNose[Skeleton]AnterolateralandInferiorViewsFrontalboneLateralcrusofgreateratarNasatbonMedial crus ofgreateralarronfalnincessofmaExternalnoseskeletonSeptalcartilageLesseralarcartilagsItis apyramidal inshapeAccessoryalar(sesamoid)Nasal pyramidconsists ofSeptal caranfraorbtalLateral crus offoramenIntermaxillarysuturqreateralalosteocartilaginousAlarfibrofattytissuMediat crus ofrteriornasalspine.ofmadllagreateralatframework covered bySeptal tartilagemusclesandskin.额骨Lateral nasal cartilage顶骨Great alar cartilage蝶腰骨润爱窝视神好行Septal cartilage一昇中际题下裂下异甲颜骨Frontal process of maxilla梁状孔上额骨下颌骨Nasal bone前肉一颜孔颜隆究后卤颜前面观

External nose skeleton It is a pyramidal in shape . Nasal pyramid consists of osteocartilaginous framework covered by muscles and skin. ❖ Lateral nasal cartilage ❖ Great alar cartilage ❖ Septal cartilage ❖ Frontal process of maxilla ❖ Nasal bone

FrameworkNasal partof thefrontal boneNasal boneBonesThick upsideFrontalprocessofthemaxillarybonethin downsideLowerlateralcartilageseptalcartilagecartilagesupperlateralcartilageLesseralarcartilageFibrofattytissueofthealanasiTheframeworkoftheexternalnoseasseenfromlateral

Framework The framework of the external nose as seen from lateral Bones Thick upside thin downside cartilages Frontal process of the maxillary bone Nasal bone Nasal part of the frontal bone Lower lateral cartilage septal cartilage upper lateral cartilage Lesser alar cartilage

Cartilaginous part1.Upperlateralcartilaginous2.Lowerlateralcartilages3.Lesseralarcartilages.4.Septal cartilage

Cartilaginous part 1.Upper lateral cartilaginous 2. Lower lateral cartilages 3. Lesser alar cartilages. 4. Septal cartilage ① ② ④ ③

Features of nasal skinThin and loose insuperior partThick and tight ininferior partMany glandAcneRosaceaNasalfurunclePain

Features of nasal skin ❖ Thin and loose in superior part ❖ Thick and tight in inferior part ❖ Many gland ❖ Acne ❖ Rosacea ❖ Nasal furuncle ❖ Pain ❖

Features of vein in external noseNo valve of veintwo-way flowangular veinvena facialisanteriorcommonfacial vein√internal carotid veinangular veinsuperiorinferiorophthalmicvein>cavernous sinus

Features of vein in external nose ❖ No valve of vein ❖ two-way flow ❖ angular veinvena facialis anteriorcommon facial vein internal carotid vein ❖ angular vein superior， inferior ophthalmic vein cavernous sinus

InternalnasalIt is divided into right and left nasal cavitiesbynasalseptum.Eachnasalcavityconsistsof a skin-linedportion-thevestibule,anda mucosa-lined portionthenasalproper

Internal nasal It is divided into right and left nasal cavities by nasal septum. Each nasal cavity consists of a skin-lined portion –the vestibule, and a mucosa –lined portion, the nasal proper

Nasal cavityLateralNasalWallOpeningofsphenoidal sinusanterior narisSphenoethmoidal recessHypophysis(pituitanSuperiornasalmeatyusglanoinsellaturcicSphenoidaposterior narissinusPharyngealFrontal sinustonsilnasal septum(adenoidifSuperiornasalentarged)concha (turbinate)BasilarpartoflimennasiAggernasi.occipitalboneAtrumofmiddienasalPharyngotasilarfasciaNasal CavityNasopharySpeculm VieLimen-ngealVestibuleopeningTorusMiddlenasaltubariusconcha(urbinate)PharyngeaMiddlenasalmeatusrecessInferiornasalconcha (turbinate)Horizontal plateSotpalateOpeningofIncisive canalTongueauditoyofpalatinebonePalatineprocessofmaxillsInferiornasalmeatusCHS-GEIEY

Nasal cavity ❖ anterior naris ❖ posterior naris ❖ nasal septum ❖ limen nasi