《耳鼻喉科学 Otolaryngology》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Ear_9.EUSTACHIAN TUBE AND ITS DISORDERS

EUSTACHIAN TUBEANDTS DISORDERS

EUSTACHIAN TUBE AND ITS DISORDERS

BonylabyrinthSuperiorAmpullaSemicircularPosteriorUtriclecanalsLateralCochleaSacculeMembranousAuriclelabyrinthSemicircularOvalwindowcanalsCochlearMalleusRoundwindowIncusductB6Cranial Nerve Vl:CochlearandVestibularbranchesCochleaPOvalwindowExternalauditoryRoundwindowcanalTympanicStapesEustachianmembraneandfootplatetube2A

2

MalleusIncusOuter EarOrgansofNerves to the(Hommer)(Anvil)BalanceCentral AuditorySystem and BrainStapes(stirrup)EarCanalInnerEar(cochleo)EustachianTubeTympanumPinna(Eardrum)Middle EarSystemInputOutputOuterearXSSVMiddleearInnerearDomainRange

• Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear

Threemainpartsofmiddleear(1)ThreeOssiclebones:2-Malleus(1),Incus(3),Stapes(6)1SFunction)Impedancematching10(2) Two muscles- Stapedial muscle(5)9- Tensor tympani(9)eeFunction)Protection68(3)Eustachiantube(8)Function)Equalizerofairpressure

• Three main parts of middle ear (1) Three Ossicle bones: - Malleus(1), Incus(3), Stapes(6) Function)Impedance matching (2) Two muscles - Stapedial muscle(5) - Tensor tympani(9) Function)Protection (3) Eustachian tube(8) Function) Equalizer of air pressure

Middle EarThe Eustachian tube is a part of the middleear?A.No, it is a part of the inner earB.No, it isn't part of the hearing mechanismC.YesD.I don't knowSenteo QuestionTosetthepropertiesrightclickandselectSenteoQuestionObject->Properties

Middle Ear The Eustachian tube is a part of the middle ear? A.No, it is a part of the inner ear B.No, it isn’t part of the hearing mechanism C.Yes D.I don’t know Senteo Question To set the properties right click and select Senteo Question Object->Properties

Anatomy of the Middle EarThe middle ear, an air-filled cavity, includes the tympanicmembrane laterally and the otic capsule medially. The middleear cleft lies between the two. The middle ear is connected bythe eustachian tube to the nasopharynx and is continuous withair-filled cells in the adjacent mastoid portion of the temporalbone. The eustachian tube, which is approximately 1 mm wideand 35 mm long, connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx.Normally, the eustachian tube is closed, but it opens by actionof the tensor veli palatini muscle when the person performs aValsalva maneuver, yawns, or swallows. It drains normal andabnormal secretions of the middle ear and equalizes pressurein the middle ear with that of the atmosphere.6

Anatomy of the Middle Ear The middle ear, an air-filled cavity, includes the tympanic membrane laterally and the otic capsule medially. The middle ear cleft lies between the two. The middle ear is connected by the eustachian tube to the nasopharynx and is continuous with air-filled cells in the adjacent mastoid portion of the temporal bone. The eustachian tube, which is approximately 1 mm wide and 35 mm long, connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx. Normally, the eustachian tube is closed, but it opens by action of the tensor veli palatini muscle when the person performs a Valsalva maneuver, yawns, or swallows. It drains normal and abnormal secretions of the middle ear and equalizes pressure in the middle ear with that of the atmosphere. 6

Eustachian Tube: The eustachian tube connects the front wallof the middle ear with the nasopharynx: The eustachian tube also operates like avalve, which opens during swallowing andyawning- This equalizes the pressure on either side of theeardrum, which is necessary for optimal hearing- Without this function, a difference between thestatic pressure in the middle ear and the outsidepressuremay develop, causing theeardrum todisplaceinwardoroutward.This reduces theefficiency of the middle ear and lessacoustic energy will be transmitted to the inner ear

Eustachian Tube • The eustachian tube connects the front wall of the middle ear with the nasopharynx • The eustachian tube also operates like a valve, which opens during swallowing and yawning – This equalizes the pressure on either side of the eardrum, which is necessary for optimal hearing. – Without this function, a difference between the static pressure in the middle ear and the outside pressure may develop, causing the eardrum to displace inward or outward • This reduces the efficiency of the middle ear and less acoustic energy will be transmitted to the inner ear

The Eustachian tube:A. Opens when one yawnsB. Opens when one smilesC. Opens when one blinksD. It is always openE.NeveropensSenteo QuestionTosetthepropertiesrightclickandselectSenteoQuestionObject->Properties

The Eustachian tube: A. Opens when one yawns B. Opens when one smiles C. Opens when one blinks D. It is always open E. Never opens Senteo Question To set the properties right click and select Senteo Question Object->Properties

middle ear耳道鼓模EarcanalTympaniemembrane>tympanic cavity中耳腔Middleearcavity>tympanic antrum锤丹酷骨IncusMalleus>mastoid rocess锻背Stapes榜Handleofmalleus>pharyngotympanic开口于中耳的耳四管Opening ofeustachintube into middle eartube耳电管Eustachiantube授帆张肌Tensorveli乳突气室Mastoidairccpalatinim.吧isophirymx软骨Cartilage耳电管内腔Lumenotcustachian tube启帆提肌Levatorvelipalatinim

middle ear ➢tympanic cavity ➢tympanic antrum ➢mastoid rocess ➢pharyngotympanic tube

前壁咽鼓管鼓口鼓膜张肌半管口semicanalisorificeostiumtympanicumtubae auditivaetensoristympani颈内动脉管internal carotid artery canal

颈内动脉管 internal carotid artery canal 前壁 咽鼓管鼓口 ostium tympanicum tubae auditivae 鼓膜张肌半管口 semicanalis orifice tensoris tympani