《数字通信》课程教学课件（讲稿）SDN Fundamentals & Techniques

6/19/2021MOSA!CLABMOSAICLABbile Network oftwarization & Service ustomizationaNewtion &ServiceCuatoenizSDN Fundamentals &TechniquesProf. Tarik TalebAalto University,FinlandA"JoveresyicsSDNFundamentalsSDN in generalWhySDN?SDNSDO&Community口SDNUseCases0SDN LayeredArchitectureOpenFlowOpenFlowpipelineprocessingFlowentries,rules&actionsets口OpenFlowExamples-OpenFlowLimitations&SolutionsOpenvSwitch (OvS)ComponentsofOpenFlowswitches.-OvSfeatures.-OvS components.altoUniversityA2ctrica21

6/19/2021 1 SDN Fundamentals & Techniques Prof. Tarik Taleb Aalto University, Finland SDN Fundamentals ● SDN in general ❑ Why SDN? ❑ SDN SDO & Community ❑ SDN Use Cases ❑ SDN Layered Architecture ● OpenFlow ❑ OpenFlow pipeline processing. ❑ Flow entries, rules & action sets ❑ OpenFlow Examples ❑ OpenFlow Limitations & Solutions ● Open vSwitch (OVS) ❑ Components of OpenFlow switches. ❑ OVS features. ❑ OVS components. 2 1 2

6/19/2021LearningOutcomesWhatisSDN?Whatarethe components of OpenFlow switches?OpenFlow pipeline processing logicFlowtableentries,instructions,and actionsWhat is Open vSwitch,itsfeatures and components?Aalto UnivereltricaA!cerin3SDN in GeneralAaltoUniversityAYtricaA2

6/19/2021 2 Learning Outcomes ➔ What is SDN? ➔ What are the components of OpenFlow switches? ➔ OpenFlow pipeline processing logic. ➔ Flow table entries, instructions, and actions. ➔ What is Open vSwitch, its features and components? 3 4 SDN in General 3 4

6/19/2021ConventionalNetworkTechnologiesAreNotAgile!massivescalabilityTechnology was not designed tomulti-tenantnetworks.virtualization,cloudsupport current hot use casesmobility (users,devices,VMs).dificult to configure correctly (consistency)Protocolsarebox-centricdifficulttoadd newfeatures (upgrades)notfabric-centricdifficulttodebug (look atall boxes).Stuck with given interfaces (CLI, SNMP,etc.)ClosedSystemsHardto meaningfullycollaborate(VendorHardwareVendorshesitanttoopenupNetworktechnologyisnotadriverforCurrent technology can't cope withinnovation any moreBusinessneedsNeedanopensolutiontoimplementnewserviceswithshorttimetomarketNEEDFlexibility,ManageablilityAdvantagesofvirtualservicesCost efficiencyalsoforthenetworkService deployment lead timetoUniyAaAInnovationEngineering55SDN-SoftwareDefinedNetworkingGoal:SimplifynetworkingandenablenewapplicationsBefore SDNHow?Ethernet Switch?DecouplecontrolplanefromdataplaneControl PlaneProvide"NetworkAPl"or"Network OS"toapplicationprogrammersData PlaneMaketheNetworkprogrammableIncrease network reliability andsecurityWithSDNServerAutomatedmanagementUniformpolicyenforcementControl Plane@Fewer configuration errorsOpenFlowEthernetSwitchData PlaneAalto UniversityAchool of Electrical63

6/19/2021 3 NEED Conventional Network Technologies Are Not Agile! • massive scalability • multi-tenant networks. virtualization, cloud • mobility (users, devices, VMs) • difficult to configure correctly (consistency) • difficult to add new features (upgrades) • difficult to debug (look at all boxes) • Stuck with given interfaces (CLI, SNMP, etc.) • Hard to meaningfully collaborate • Vendors hesitant to open up Technology was not designed to support current hot use cases Protocols are box-centric, not fabric-centric Closed Systems (Vendor Hardware) • Flexibility, Manageablility • Cost efficiency • Service deployment lead time • Innovation Advantages of virtual services also for the network • Network technology is not a driver for innovation any more • Need an open solution to implement new services with short time to market Current technology can’t cope with Business needs 5 SDN – Software Defined Networking ▐ Goal: Simplify networking and enable new applications ▐ How? ⚫ Decouple control plane from data plane ⚫ Provide “Network API” or “Network OS” to application programmers ⚫ Make the Network programmable • Increase network reliability and security • Automated management • Uniform policy enforcement • Fewer configuration errors Ethernet Switch Ethernet Switch Server Before SDN With SDN Control Plane Control Plane Data Plane Data Plane 6 5 6

6/19/2021SDN-HighLevelOverviewAPPLICATIONLAYERBusiness ApplicationsAPIAPAPCONTROLLAYERSONControlNetwork ServicesSoftwareControl Data Plane interface(e.g-,OpenFlow)INFRASTRUCTURELAYERNetworkDeviceNetworkDeviceNetworkDeviceNetwork DeviceNetwork DeviceAalto UniversityONFSoftwareDefinedNetworkArchitectureAtricahttps:/www.opennetworking.org/images/stories/downloads/white-papers/wp-sdn-newnom.pdEngineering17SDN ControllersPOXRyuTremaFioodLightOpenDaylightSB58 (OpenFlow ) +S8SBSB (OpenFlow&InterfacesSB (OpenFlow) NB(OpenFlow)Management(OpenFlow)(Java & REST)OthersS8Protocols)(OVSDBJSON)NB (REST&JavaRPC)VirtualizationMininet &OpenMininet &OpenBuilt-in EmulationMininet&OpenMininet&OpenvSwitchVirtual ToolVSwitchvSwitchvSwitchGUIYesYes (Initial Phase)NoWeb U (Using REST)YesNoNoYesRESTAPIYes (For SB InterfaceYesonly)ProductivityMediumMediumHighMediumMediumesYesYesYesYesOpen SourcePoorMediumMedumGoodMediumDocumentationPythonPython-Specife +C/RubyJava + Any languageJavaLanguage SupportMessage Passingthat usesRESTReferenceModularityMediumMediumMedumHighHighLinux,Mac O, andLinux OnlyLinux,Mac &UnuxPlatform SupportMost Supported onWindowsLinuxWindowsYesvesYesVesTLsSupportYesAge2Month1 year1 year2 years2yearsOFv1.0OFv1.0v2.0v3.0&OFV1.0OFVL.OOFvL.0OpenFlow SupportNicira ExtensionsNOOpenStack NetworkingStrongWeakMediumMedium(Quantum)Aalto UniversityAComparison among the controllersSchoolof Electricalhtps:/www.researchgate.ne/figure/Comparison-among-the-controliers_fig2_265845342Engineering884

6/19/2021 4 7 SDN – High Level Overview ONF Software Defined Network Architecture https://www.opennetworking.org/images/stories/downloads/white-papers/wp-sdn-newnorm.pdf 8 SDN Controllers Comparison among the controllers https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Comparison-among-the-controllers_fig2_265845342 7 8

6/19/2021ExampleScenariosforSDNCampusnetworkControlserveropenflowswitchinnovativestudentsdeveloptheirownservices and algorithmsA? 99SDN-related SDOOpenSourceStandardSHALLCELLFORLNOPENETSICDAYLIGHT-Ovstmforum3GPngmnnOPnFVC.FDMTFDElormabandR0omaOASIS3opercephOPEN BATONIEEECloudEshernMEFRUSTEDCloudifyLonosatisAaltoUniversitySoftware Defined Network and Network Function Virtualization Resources and Organizationschoolof Electricalhftps:llsdn.ieee.org/butreach/resourcesnin10105

6/19/2021 5 9 Wide-area / mobile network Data center network Enterprise network Internet2 ISPs Carriers OpenFlow switch Control server Campus network innovative students develop their own services and algorithms Fixed and mobile seamless control, integrated optical network control, flexible VPN management, etc. Network and computing resources are tightly coupled and efficiently managed Network control and security are tightly managed Control server Control server Wireless Example Scenarios for SDN SDN-related SDO 10 Software Defined Network and Network Function Virtualization Resources and Organizations https://sdn.ieee.org/outreach/resources 9 10

6/19/2021SDN industry chainSDN Industry ChainVendorCategorySituationCentecNetworksOpenFlowswitcheshaveCentec Networks,beenwidelyusedbyresearchinstitutesinChipmanufacturerBroadcomChina;BroadcomhaslaunchedSDNchipsolution.Ciscoprovidesopennessofsomesoftware;NetworkequipmentCisco,Huawei,EricssonHuaweihasaddedOpenFlowsupportonAlcatel-Lucentmanufacturerhardwaredevices.IBM,HPITsupplierIBMandHPofferOpenFlowcontrollersNiciratakesalead.ItsvSwitch-based networkInnovationNicira,Big SwitchvirtualizationplatformisservingcompaniescompanysuchasAT&T,eBayFidelityandRackSpaceAalto UniversityTopic 16SDN OvervietA?https:llyoutu.belepOo-SNuxoEngineering1111GrowingCommunityProviders and business-unitCompanies in the SDN SectorWCPBTGoogleSoftware Defined Networkivello.sceZclsebLyatiss Ca ORACLEvmwareUvelloblgswtchJunPEverizonPLUMPLEONew Relic.TBMPICAgsmbrane@aARISThpINTERNET.NECLevel(3)JuniPersePLEkiPICAOORACLMicrosoftPCmworemidNLR-anutainetwerksWelCYANoelseobpdocomoTBMOUAMUintelIBMunpeA0SoftwareDefined Storagefacebookamazon.comSnexentaEMCinMageCaboxrDataCoregrvenorrNetAppredhatVvelloSOLIDFREMore...CHECKSAFEAalto UniversityA?5G:AREVOLUTIONINTHEMAKING-PATVI-THEECOSYSTEMSchool of Electricahttps.//www.eitdigital.eunewsroom/b/og/article/5g-a-revolttion-in-the-making-pat-vi-the-ecosystemnn12126

6/19/2021 6 SDN industry chain 11 Topic 16 SDN Overview https://youtu.be/epOa0-SNJx0 12 Growing Community Providers and business-unit More. 5G: A REVOLUTION IN THE MAKING - PAT VI - THE ECOSYSTEM https://www.eitdigital.eu/newsroom/blog/article/5g-a-revolution-in-the-making-pat-vi-the-ecosystem/ 11 12

6/19/2021SDNDeployments:NTTCommunications“BizHostingEnterpriseCloud”UsesProgrammableFlowforCloudNetworkConfigurationAllowsintegratedmanagementofgloballydistributeddatacentersProvisioning ofinter-DC connections within minutesDCNW0DCNWDCNWPgafNetworkDCNWProgrAaltoUniyA2Engineering1313NipponExpress:CostSavingBenefitUnit SpacePower Consumption(core switch rack space)KW033525532670%80%102.5ExistingNetworkProgrammableFlowExistingNetworkProgrammableFlowOutsourcing FeeFailureRecoveryTime(for network configuration change)SecondsSH90K1005050100%398%2010ExistingNetworkProgrammableFlowExistingNetworkProgrammableFlowAaltoUnikchoolof Electricaln1414

6/19/2021 7 13 SDN Deployments: NTT Communications “BizHosting Enterprise Cloud” ▐ Uses ProgrammableFlow for Cloud Network Configuration ▐ Allows integrated management of globally distributed data centers ▐ Provisioning of inter-DC connections within minutes Virtual Network DC NW DC NW DC NW DC NW 14 Nippon Express: Cost Saving Benefit Unit Space Outsourcing Fee Power Consumption Failure Recovery Time 32 10 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Existing Network ProgrammableFlow (core switch rack space) 70% 15 10 5 0 U KW Existing Network ProgrammableFlow 80% 14 50 2.5 1 98% 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Seconds 100 75 50 25 0 $K 90K 0 100% Existing Network ProgrammableFlow Existing Network ProgrammableFlow (for network configuration change) 13 14

6/19/2021What can SDN do?Aalto UniversityEngineering1515VirtualizingthePhysicalNetworkFabricOn-demandcreate/edit/deletevirtualnetworksCLI/GUI/APIbasedcontrolVirtual networks independent of physical infrastructureVirtualVirtualVirtual1Network2NetworkNetworkNetworkVirtualizationPlaneSDN/OpenFlowControlControllerAnyinterconnectiontopologySDN/OpenFlow--Capable SwitchAalto Universitychool of ElectricalSDN/OpenFlow-CapableSwitch16168

6/19/2021 8 15 What can SDN do? 16 Virtualizing the Physical Network Fabric ▐ On-demand create/edit/delete virtual networks ▐ CLI / GUI / API based control ▐ Virtual networks independent of physical infrastructure Any interconnection topology SDN/OpenFlow-Capable Switch Network Virtualization Plane Control Virtual Network 1 Virtual Network Virtual Network 2 3 SDN/OpenFlow Controller SDN/OpenFlow￾Capable Switch 15 16

6/19/2021NetworkIsolationL2 NetworkL3 NetworkNoVTNFullSeparationno connectivity!"Default-off NetworkVirtualNetwork2VirtualNetwork1VM2NVM5L2CorL3Conectivity.uvity.NetworkVirtualizationPlaneOneaaaregatednetworkviewand controNetworkFabricAalto UniversityEngineering1717Policy-BasedApplianceInclusionTrafficcanbeexplicitlyroutedtoanyapplianceSelectiveforwardingpossible(e.g.,Webonly)Anykind ofappliancepossible:FW,LB,IDS,DPl, ..Multipleappliancescanbecomposed!Aalto UniversitylectricahoolotE18189

6/19/2021 9 17 Network Isolation Virtual Network 1 Virtual Network 2 VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4 L2 Connectivity L3 Connectivity Full Separation L2 Network L3 Network Network Virtualization Plane One aggregated network view and control Network Fabric VM5 No VTN → no connectivity! “Default-off Network” 18 Policy-Based Appliance Inclusion ▐ Traffic can be explicitly routed to any appliance ▐ Selective forwarding possible (e.g., Web only) ▐ Any kind of appliance possible: FW, LB, IDS, DPI, . ▐ Multiple appliances can be composed 17 18

6/19/2021Virtual Machine MobilityEXVMETenantAuserTenantAVMVMMigrationTenantAPVMOFS3Aalto UniversityEngineering1919ImprovedResourceUsageTrafficload-balancingviamultiplepathsSupports any interconnect topologyCompatiblewithloopsintopologyNodistributedprotocolsnecessaryXXXoPhysical NetworkAalto UniversityAofElectrica001202010

6/19/2021 10 19 Tenant A VM OFS 3 OFS2 OFS 4 OFS 1 VM Migration Tenant A user Traditional Switch Virtual Machine Mobility Tenant A VM VTN Ext VM 20 Improved Resource Usage ▐ Traffic load-balancing via multiple paths ▐ Supports any interconnect topology ▐ Compatible with loops in topology ▐ No distributed protocols necessary Physical Network 19 20