山西能源学院：《工程热力学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）第三章 气体和蒸汽的性质 第六节 水和水蒸气的状态参数、图表

06PART水和水蒸气的状态参数图表

水和水蒸气的状态参数、 图表 PART 06

水和水蒸气状态参数T.XM0·在动力工程中水蒸气不宜利用理想气体性质计算50037.114..0000203理想气体区·水和水蒸气的状态参数可HOX00.00按不同区域，由给出的独立状3000.001600SMI态参数通过实际气体状态方程2006.0.00.0IMP及其他一般关系式计算（通常由计算机计算）或查图表确定。100kPs00100110kPD.sEPD.0010.010.110100Fa2

2 ●水和水蒸气的状态参数可 按不同区域，由给出的独立状 态参数通过实际气体状态方程 及其他一般关系式计算（通常 由计算机计算）或查图表确定。 ● 在动力工程中水蒸气不 宜利用理想气体性质计算 水和水蒸气状态参数

P水和水蒸气状态参数>零点规定三相点液态水热力学能及炳为零u'273.16 = 0S'’273.16 = 0三相点v’273.16 = 0.00100021m2/kg01h'=u'+pv可近似为零=0+611.6Pa×0.00100021m3/kg=0.612JP>未饱和水（t，p)·查图表或由专用程序计算·压力不太高时，可近似T三相点S =c, Inh, =c,t273.162

3 ➢ 零点规定 三相点液态水热力学能及熵为零。 273.16 273.16 3 273.16 ' 0 ' 0 ' 0.00100021m /kg u s v = = = 3 ' ' ' 0 611.6Pa 0.00100021m / kg 0.612J h u pv = + = +  = 可近似为零 ➢ 未饱和水（t，p） ●查图表或由专用程序计算 273.16 ln T h c t s c t = p t = p ●压力不太高时，可近似 C . 水和水蒸气状态参数

水和水蒸气状态参数饱和水和饱和水蒸气(p、和t）查图表或由专用程序计算三相点>过热蒸汽（p，t)查图表或由专用程序计算注意：过热蒸汽不可用类似未饱和水的近似式，因c变化复杂

4 ➢ 饱和水和饱和水蒸气(ps和t s ) 查图表或由专用程序计算 ➢ 过热蒸汽（p，t） 注意：过热蒸汽不可用类似未饱和 水的近似式，因cp变化复杂。 查图表或由专用程序计算。 C 水和水蒸气状态参数

P水和水蒸气状态参数湿饱和蒸汽由t、（或p、）与x共同确定：Vx = xv"+(1- x)vx较大时三相点=v'+x(v"-v)~xv"1h, = xh'+(1-x)h = h'+xyS, = xs'+(1-x)s' = $'+x(s"-s) = s'+xV-V'x=T("-v)ux= h,- p,Vxh-h'x:未饱和水Vv"5

5 ➢ 湿饱和蒸汽 由ts（或ps）与x共同确定： ( ) ( ) '' 1 ' ' '' ' '' x v xv x v v x v v xv = + − = + −  0 1  x v v  ' h xh'' (1 x)h' x = + − u h p v x x x = − s v v v ' ''   v v  '' = h'+x s xs'' (1 x)s' x = + − = s'+x(s''−s') s s x ' T  = + x较大时 未饱和水 过热蒸汽 湿饱和蒸汽 C ' ( " ') ' ( " ') ' ( " ') v v x v v h h x h h s s x s s − = − − = − − = − 水和水蒸气状态参数

水蒸气表和图一、水蒸气表饱和水和干饱和蒸汽表（节录）（一）依温度排列(r/ung(h)0(v)mne(p)m(t)..(S ) k(kg-K)J kJ/kgMP:ISpStvh'h"Y0-0.052500.512500.60.00061120.00100022206.154-0.00029.15440.010.000.00061170.00100018206.0122500.532500.50.00009.15415147.04821.022509.712488.70.07639.02360.00087250.00100008152465.10.00170530.0010009477.91062.962528.070.22488.7794250.003168743.362104.772546.292441.50.36708.55600.001003023525.2228.35110.00562630.00100605146.592564.382417.80.5050700.0311780.001022765.0443293.012626.102333.10.95507.75401001.67362675.712256.61.30697.35450.1013250.00104344419.061100.1432431.2106461.332691.262229.91.41867.23860.001051561500.475710.001090460.39286632.282746.352114.11.84206.83812001.553660.12732852.342792.471940.12.33076.43120.001156412501085.31715.43.973510.001251450.0501122800.662.79266.07163008.583080.001403690.0216691344.02748.711404.73.25335.704235016.5210.001740080.0088121670.32563.39893.03.77735.21040.0373.9922.0640.0031060.0031062085.92085.874.40924.40926

6 一、 水蒸气表   C t  MPa p   3 m /kg v  kJ/kg   h kJ/kg   kJ/(kg K) s  s  0 0.01 5 15 25 35 70 100 110 150 200 250 300 350 373.99 0.0006112 0.0006117 0.0008725 0.0017053 0.0031687 0.0056263 0.031178 0.101325 0.143243 0.47571 1.55366 3.97351 8.58308 16.521 22.064 0.00100022 0.00100018 0.00100008 0.00100094 0.00100302 0.00100605 0.00102276 0.00104344 0.00105156 0.00109046 0.00115641 0.00125145 0.00140369 0.00174008 0.003106 206.154 206.012 147.048 77.910 43.362 25.222 5.0443 1.6736 1.2106 0.39286 0.12732 0.050112 0.021669 0.008812 0.003106 -0.05 0.00 21.02 62.96 104.77 146.59 293.01 419.06 461.33 632.28 852.34 1085.3 1344.0 1670.3 2085.9 2500.51 2500.53 2509.71 2528.07 2546.29 2564.38 2626.10 2675.71 2691.26 2746.35 2792.47 2800.66 2748.71 2563.39 2085.87 2500.6 2500.5 2488.7 2465.1 2441.5 2417.8 2333.1 2256.6 2229.9 2114.1 1940.1 1715.4 1404.7 893.0 0.0 -0.0002 0.0000 0.0763 0.2248 0.3670 0.5050 0.9550 1.3069 1.4186 1.8420 2.3307 2.7926 3.2533 3.7773 4.4092 9.1544 9.1541 9.0236 8.7794 8.5560 8.3511 7.7540 7.3545 7.2386 6.8381 6.4312 6.0716 5.7042 5.2104 4.4092 t p v  v  h h  s  饱和水和干饱和蒸汽表（节录） (一) 依温度排列 水蒸气表和图

水蒸气表和图饱和水和干饱和蒸汽表（节录）(二)依压力排列()1(h)(0)-c (p) m.VYk/kg(m'nkgJkJ/ksJkJ/(kg-K)nhph"St5"YVV0.0010.001000129.212513.292484.18.97356.9491129.1850.10560.00324.11420.001002845.666101.072544.682443.60.35468.57580.00428.953334.796121.302553.462432.20.42218.47250.00100410.00528.191137.722560.5532.87930.00100532422.80.47618.38300.0145.79880.001010314.673191.762583.722392.00.64908.14810.02251.4360.06500.00101727.64972608.902357.50.83207.9068340.550.0581.33880.00102993.24092645.312304.81.09127.59280.1417.5299.6340.00104321.69432675.142257.61.30287.35890.2120.2400.00106050.88585504.782706.532201.71.53037.12720.5151.8670.00109250.37486640.352748.592108.21.86106.82141.0179.9160.0011272762.842777.672014.82.13886.58590.194382.0212.4170.00117670.099588908.642798.661890.02.44716.33953.0233.8930.00121661008.22803.191794.92.64546.18540.0666625.0263.9800.00128620.0394391154.22793.641639.52.92015.972410.0311.0370.00145220.0180261407.22724.461317.23.35915.613922.064373.990.0031060.0031062085.92085.870.04.40924.40927

7 (二) 依压力排列 0.001 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 22.064 6.9491 24.1142 28.9533 32.8793 45.7988 60.0650 81.3388 99.634 120.240 151.867 179.916 212.417 233.893 263.980 311.037 373.99 0.0010001 0.0010028 0.0010041 0.0010053 0.0010103 0.0010172 0.0010299 0.0010432 0.0010605 0.0010925 0.0011272 0.0011767 0.0012166 0.0012862 0.0014522 0.003106 129.185 45.666 34.796 28.191 14.673 7.6497 3.2409 1.6943 0.88585 0.37486 0.19438 0.099588 0.066662 0.039439 0.018026 0.003106 29.21 101.07 121.30 137.72 191.76 251.43 340.55 417.52 504.78 640.35 762.84 908.64 1008.2 1154.2 1407.2 2085.9 2513.29 2544.68 2553.46 2560.55 2583.72 2608.90 2645.31 2675.14 2706.53 2748.59 2777.67 2798.66 2803.19 2793.64 2724.46 2085.87 2484.1 2443.6 2432.2 2422.8 2392.0 2357.5 2304.8 2257.6 2201.7 2108.2 2014.8 1890.0 1794.9 1639.5 1317.2 0.0 0.1056 0.3546 0.4221 0.4761 0.6490 0.8320 1.0912 1.3028 1.5303 1.8610 2.1388 2.4471 2.6454 2.9201 3.3591 4.4092 8.9735 8.5758 8.4725 8.3830 8.1481 7.9068 7.5928 7.3589 7.1272 6.8214 6.5859 6.3395 6.1854 5.9724 5.6139 4.4092   C t  MPa p   3 m /kg v  kJ/kg   h kJ/kg   kJ/(kg K) s  s s  p t v  v  h h   饱和水和干饱和蒸汽表（节录） 水蒸气表和图

水蒸气表和图2.未饱和水和过热蒸汽表0.005 MPa0.01 MPa0.001 MPaP饱t,=45.799 ℃t,=6.949 ℃t,=32.879 ℃和v=0.0010001,v"=129.185v-0.0010103v"-14.673v=0.0010053,v"=28.191参h=29.21，h"-2513.3h-137.72,h"-2560.6h-191.76,h"=2583.7数s-0.1056,s"=8.9735s-0.4761,s-8.3930s-0. 649 0,s"-8.1481hhh1vVvsss℃mP/kgkJ/kgmP/kgkJ/kgm//kgkJ/kgkJ/(kgK)kJ/(kgK)kJ/(kg.K)00.050.0010002-0.05-0.04-0.00020.0010002-0.0002-0.00020.00100020.00100031042.01130.5982519.08.99380.15100.001000342.010.15102083.87135.2262537.79.05880.00100180.296383.870.29630.001001840144.4752575.29.18232574.08.43660.001009167.510.572328.85450149.0962593.99.241229.7832592.98.496114.8692591.88.173260153.7172612.79.298430.7122611.88.553715.3362610.88.231380162.9562650.39.408032.5662649.78.663916.2682648.98.3422100172.1922688.09.512034.4182687.58.768217.1962686.98.44711208.867418.1242725.18.5466181.4262725.99.610936.2692725.58

8 2. 未饱和水和过热蒸汽表 p 0.001 MPa 0.005 MPa 0.01 MPa 饱 和 参 数 t s=6.949 ℃ v’=0.001 000 1, v”=129.185 h’=29.21, h”=2513.3 s’=0.105 6, s ”=8.9735 t s=32.879 ℃ v’=0.001 005 3, v”=28.191 h’=137.72, h”=2 560.6 s’=0.4761, s”=8.3930 t s=45.799 ℃ v’=0.001 010 3, v”=14.673 h’=191.76, h”=2583.7 s’=0. 649 0, s”=8.1481 t v h s v h s v h s ℃ m3 /kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgK) m3 /kg kJ/kg kJ/(kgK) m3 /kg kJ/kg kJ/(kg·K) 0 0.0010002 -0.05 -0.0002 0.0010002 0.0010003 -0.05 -0.0002 0.0010002 -0.04 -0.0002 10 130.598 2519.0 8.9938 42.01 0.1510 0.0010003 42.01 0.1510 20 135.226 2537.7 9.0588 0.0010018 83.87 0.2963 0.0010018 83.87 0.2963 40 144.475 2575.2 9.1823 28.854 2574.0 8.4366 0.001009 167.51 0.5723 50 149.096 2593.9 9.2412 29.783 2592.9 8.4961 14.869 2591.8 8.1732 60 153.717 2612.7 9.2984 30.712 2611.8 8.5537 15.336 2610.8 8.2313 80 162.956 2650.3 9.4080 32.566 2649.7 8.6639 16.268 2648.9 8.3422 100 172.192 2688.0 9.5120 34.418 2687.5 8.7682 17. 196 2686.9 8.4471 120 181.426 2725.9 9.6109 36.269 2725.5 8.8674 18.124 2725.1 8.5466 水蒸气表和图

水蒸气表和图水蒸气的焰一炳（h一s）图·水蒸气的t-s图TCCOT=500eaiP临界点400饱和液线300v=0.1m3kg200饱和汽线100w=0.5m/kg-153467,kke-g)8O

9 ➢ 水蒸气的焓—熵（h - s）图 ●水蒸气的t – s图 水蒸气表和图

水蒸气表和图3h--s图（定量分析）1x =1X式xS

3 h - s图 (定量分析) h s x =1 t p x x =0 v 水蒸气表和图