上海交通大学：《分子生物学》（英文版） 第六章 Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes

第六章 Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes 构成性转录因子SP1对持家基因的调控作用 1、 Housekeeping( constitutive) genes(持家 基因):细胞内的蛋白质编码基因,维持细胞的基 本过程。 2、SP1结合于保守性序列 GGGCGG的GC丰富 序列,该序列位于许多持家基因的启动子中。 3、SP1含有:3 zinc finger motifs which bind to GC-rich sequance, 2 glutamine-rich domains interact with TAFu110 of TFII D

第六章 Regulation of transcription in eukaryotes 一、构成性转录因子SP1对持家基因的调控作用 1、Housekeeping （constitutive）genes （持家 基因） : 细胞内的蛋白质编码基因，维持细胞的基 本过程。 2、 SP1结合于保守性序列GGGCGG的GC丰富 序列，该序列位于许多持家基因的启动子中。 3、 SP1含有: 3 zinc finger motifs which bind to GC-rich sequance , 2个 glutamine-rich domains interact with TAFII110 of TFII D

The specific transcription factor SPlbinds to GC rich sequence in TATA less promoter glutamine-rich domains 110 0 zinc finger motifs SR BP GC

GC SP1SP1 TBP 110 TBP The specific transcription factor SP1binds to GC rich sequence in TATA less promoter glutamine-rich domains zinc finger motifs

二、 Hormone regulation: hormones are molecules which are secreted by one specific cell type and transmit a signal to a target cell type

二、Hormone regulation: Hormones are molecules which are secreted by one specific cell type and transmit a signal to a target cell type

Steroid hormone and their receptors I Steroid hormones lipid soluble and can diffuse through cell membranes to interact with transcription factor, steroid hormone receptors 2、 Steroid hormones glucocorticoid糖皮质激素 estrogen雌激素 retinoic acid视黄酸 thyroid甲状腺素

（1）、Steroid hormone and their receptors 1、 Steroid hormones, lipid soluble and can diffuse through cell membranes to interact with transcription factor, steroid hormone receptors. 2、 Steroid hormones： glucocorticoid 糖皮质激素 estrogen 雌激素 retinoic acid 视黄酸 thyroid 甲状腺素

3 General steroid model of gene transcription activation inhibitor Glucocorticoid receptor uclear translocation gre

3、General steroid model of gene transcription activation Glucocorticoid GRE receptor inhibitor Nuclear translocation

(2) Regulation by phosphorylation Interferon-r cell-surface receptor signal transduction process Janus activated kinase两面神蛋白激酶 STATO signal transduction and transcription factor Phosphorylation at tyrosine residue homodimer 同源二聚体

（2）、Regulation by phosphorylation Interferon- cell-surface receptor signal transduction process Janus activated kinase 两面神蛋白激酶 STAT signal transduction and transcription factor Phosphorylation at tyrosine residue homodimer 同源二聚体

Interferon Interferon receptor JAK Kinase Unphosphrylatior +2ATP STATa monomers p、P +2ADP Phosphorylated nuclear STATa dimer Response element

p p P p Interferon Interferon receptor JAK Kinase Unphosphrylation STAT monomers +2ATP +2ADP Phosphorylated STAT dimer Response element nuclear

Activation of transcription elongation by hiv tat protein I, Tat encoded by HIv is required for productive gene expression; 2, Tat binds to an rNA stem-loop structure called TAR, located at the 5-untranslated region of all HIV RNAS, 3 The protein-RNA complex may loop backwards and interact with the new initiation complex, resulting activation of the kinase activity of tFIh

三、Activation of transcription elongation by HIV Tat protein 1、 Tat encoded by HIV is required for productive HIV gene expression; 2、Tat binds to an RNA stem-loop structure called TAR , located at the 5’-untranslated region of all HIV RNAs; 3、 The protein-RNA complex may loop backwoards and interact with the new initiation complex, resulting activation of the kinase activity of TFIIH

The mechanism of Hlv Tat-TAR complex Activated TFIH phosphorylates CTD of rNa pol ll RNa Polymerase →cmp Cellular factor Tat-Tar cellular factor complex activates TFIIH

Tat Cellular factor RNA Polymerase H CTD CTD p The mechanism of HIV Tat-TAR complex Tat-Tar cellular factor complex activates TFIIH Activated TFIIH phosphorylates CTD of RNA pol II

四、 Gene for cell determination:myoD Somites体节 fibroblasts Mesodermal embryonic cell 成纤维细胞 中胚层细胞) overexpression myoD f mvOD expression myotomes生肌节 muscle-like cells (skeletal muscle celD myoblasts(成肌细胞, muscle cel

四、Gene for cell determination: myoD Somites 体节 fibroblasts （Mesodermal embryonic cell 中胚层细胞） overexpression of myoD myotomes 生肌节 muscle-like cells. （skeletal muscle cell） myoblasts (成肌细胞，muscle cell) 成纤维细胞 myoD expression