《普通昆虫学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）第三章 昆虫的胸部 Thorax of Insects

第三章昆虫的胸部 Chapter 3 Thorax of Insects Wings Head Thorax Compound Eye Ocellus Abdomen Antenna Mandible Labrum Coxa Femur Ovipositor Trochanter Maxilla and Spiracle Labium and maxillary palp labialpalp Tibia Claw Tarsus

昆虫的颈Neck supporting the head and articulating it with the prothorax cervical sclerites颈片(颈部骨片的统称) occiput postoccipital h-oostocciput posq·n carviconyfe mandible

二、胸部的基本构造 The thorax, is composed of three segments prothro前胸 mesothorax中胸 metathora后胸 In most winged insects, mesothorax and metathorax form a pterothoray bearing the wings The thorax is the center of locomotory Legs: fore, mid, and hind leg Wings:前翅 Drewing、后翅 时 hindwings

原始昆虫体节的发展 体节分: 背板om(ergm)、背片(ergt) 腹板 tergum、腹片 sternite 侧区 pleuron、侧片 pleurite 足l 气门 miracle ■基肢节: 亚基节 ubcoxa-侧板 大少 基节 coxa ■端肢节 telopodite 钣枚

(-)前胸 prothorax ■ no wings, structure usually simple 前胸背板 pronotum Simple, small, but in some insects they are highl modified.蝗虫、蝼蛄、菱 蝗;角蝉、耳蝉 Leptocentrus reponens octal phoo by yona

前胸侧板 propleuron Usually divided into episternum and epimeron by pleural sulcus. 侧沟将侧板分为前侧片和后侧片 侧基突 pleural articulation:侧沟下 E 端与胸足相抵的关节突 Tn-d Cx 前胸腹板 prosternum Usually undeveloped, sometimes with special structures 叩头虫的关键

(二)翅胸 Pterothorax 1.背板 tergum 前脊沟 antecostal sulcus,前盾沟 rescutal sulcus,盾间沟 scutoscutellar SUICUS 背片划分为 ■端背片 Icrorergite:前盾片 prescutum,主背片 盾片 小盾片 小盾片后背片 腋素 盾片 前盾片 甚突 废内脊 基前转片

侧板 pleuron 侧沟凹进成侧内脊,并将侧板分成前侧片 episternum和后侧片 epimeron 侧沟下端的突起为侧基突 pleural articulation 上端为侧翅突 pleural wing process 上侧片 epipleurites:侧翅突前后的膜质区中 的骨片,包括前上侧片 basalar和后上侧片 r PIR PlA CxP. B

Pterothorax Orientation LateralⅤview Base of removed structure tes(stippling Ba Wp2 Sa Ba WP3 Sa PlS3 Indicates conjunctiva Pl Sutures P2- Fm3 Invaginations Sp2 E Articulation point Eps2 EpI 3 ASp3 Ppct Cx3 Tn CX2 Tr2Fm2 53 Tn AbsI Tr3

■3腹板 sternum 前腹沟 presternal SUICUS 腹脊沟 Sternacostal 和腹侧片 中胸基片 LICus 胸脊沟 ■将腹板分为 腹内突陷 小腹片 前腹片 prosternum 中胸内刺突陷 后胸侧度沟 主腹片 episternum(具 片 rcasternum: 第一腹节 basisternum、 小腹片 sternellum 具刺腹片 spinasternite(间腹片 tersternite):内有 刺突,称内刺突 espina