同济大学：《中国社会经济》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）China’s Socio-Economic Development——Understanding A Development Miracle - China

Social Economic Development China Today “当代中国"集列课程 Understanding a Development Miracle China GUO Ying School of Economics and Management Tongji University

Understanding a Development Miracle ——China Social Economic Development GUO Ying School of Economics and Management Tongji University

Agenda China's Economic Growth:A Review The Key Elements for China's Growth

Agenda ◼ China’s Economic Growth: A Review ◼ The Key Elements for China’s Growth

China's Economic Growth:A Review r- Economy The largest Exporter second largest Importer 1st~25th 26th~50th Per capita GDP(PPP) 51st~75th 76th-100th

second largest China’s Economic Growth: A Review The largest Economy Exporter Importer Per capita GDP (PPP) 26th~50th 51st~75th 76th~100th 1 st~25th

China's Economic Growth:A Review General description The People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy ● . after the United States.It is the world's fastest-growing major economy with average growth rates of 10%for the past 30 years.China is also : the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world. : China became the world's top manufacturer in 2011,surpassing the · United States.The country's per capita GDP(PPP)is $7,518(IMF 93rd ● in the world)in 2010

The People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy after the United States. It is the world's fastest-growing major economy with average growth rates of 10% for the past 30 years. China is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world. China became the world's top manufacturer in 2011, surpassing the United States. The country's per capita GDP (PPP) is $7,518 (IMF 93rd in the world) in 2010. General description China’s Economic Growth: A Review

China's Economy prior to the start of economy reform 1930s--1949 China's economy experienced modest,but significant,growth in the decades prior to the outbreak of full-scale war with Japan in 1937. ●●●●● The pattern of pre-World WarII economic advance reflected China's openness to international trade and investment.Prewar expansion ● clustered around two growth poles:the Yangzi Delta area centered : on Shanghai and the northeastern provinces. ●

China’s economy experienced modest, but significant, growth in the decades prior to the outbreak of full-scale war with Japan in 1937. The pattern of pre-World War economic advance reflected China’s openness to international trade and investment. Prewar expansion clustered around two growth poles: the Yangzi Delta area centered on Shanghai and the northeastern provinces. China’s Economy prior to the start of economy reform 1930s---1949 Ⅱ

解ap of China Northeastern provinces 东北三省地图 a产e 黑龙江省 辽宁 洋彩的膏请流击桃图 Yangzi Delta Area Shanghai was the largest and most prosperous city in the Far East during the 1930s

Shanghai was the largest and most prosperous city in the Far East during the 1930s Northeastern provinces Yangzi Delta Area

● Modest but significant economic growth in 1930s,that were not regained for over sixty years The economy was heavily disrupted by the war against Japan and the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1949

• Modest but significant economic growth in 1930s, that were not regained for over sixty years • The economy was heavily disrupted by the war against Japan and the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1949

1949-1978 ◆ The new China moved to create an economic system largely modeled after Soviet experience.Soviet advisers and Soviet- trained specialists worked to establish new institutions organized around annual and five-year plans,extensive state ownership, central control over prices,and material balance plans that issued specific directives governing the allocation of major inputs, products,and financial flows. 江省布票。 南海县 贰市寸 侨汇增加统销商品供应票 (全县通用) 中华人民共和国粮金部 全国通用报 江省布票 猪肉02颜 伍市斤 贰市寸 有效期：中国人民银行 1966 1961海 南海县支行 7月至12月 印发

◆ The new China moved to create an economic system largely modeled after Soviet experience. Soviet advisers and Soviet￾trained specialists worked to establish new institutions organized around annual and five-year plans, extensive state ownership, central control over prices, and material balance plans that issued specific directives governing the allocation of major inputs, products, and financial flows. 1949-1978

Failures of planed system Food scarcity:Chinese villager and city dwellers ● ● ● Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services ● ● Isolation from the international economy ● Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors ●

Food scarcity: Chinese villager and city dwellers Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services Failures of planed system Isolation from the international economy Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors

1978-1990 Reform in the countryside:Beginning with the poor mountain areas of Anhui and then spreading across the country.Farmers were able to keep the land's output after paying a share to the state.This move increased agricultural production,increased the living standards of hundreds of millions of farmers and stimulated rural industry. Reforms were also implemented in urban industry to increase productivity.A dual price system was introduced. Private businesses were allowed to operate and they began to make up a greater percentage of industrial output

 Reform in the countryside: Beginning with the poor mountain areas of Anhui and then spreading across the country. Farmers were able to keep the land's output after paying a share to the state. This move increased agricultural production, increased the living standards of hundreds of millions of farmers and stimulated rural industry.  Reforms were also implemented in urban industry to increase productivity. A dual price system was introduced. Private businesses were allowed to operate and they began to make up a greater percentage of industrial output. 1978-1990