中国科学技术大学：暗能量、残余引力波、CMB极化 Dark energy, relic GW and CMB polarization

暗能量、残余引力波、CMB极化 Dark energy, relic Gw and CMB polarization 张杨( Yang Zhang 中国科学技术大学(USTC) 天体物理中心CFA) 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 1 暗能量、残余引力波、CMB极化 Dark energy, relic GW and CMB polarization 张杨 (Yang Zhang) 中国科学技术大学 (USTC) 天体物理中心(CFA)

Outline Of Topics 一、 Cosmic Dark Energy 二、 Relic Gravitational| Waves CMB Polarizations by RGW 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 2 Outline Of Topics • 一、 Cosmic Dark Energy • 二、 Relic Gravitational Waves • 三、 CMB Polarizations by RGW

Cosmic Dark Energy the effective ym condensate model 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 3 一、 Cosmic Dark Energy -- the effective YM condensate model

Observational Evidence for Accelerating Expansion ·SN|a型超新星 ResS(1998) Permutter(1999) · Tonry(2003),z=0.3~13,8neW Knop(2003),z=0.36-0.86,11new CMB anisotropies(WMAP) Large scale structure etc 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 4 Observational Evidence for Accelerating Expansion • SN Ia型超新星 • Riess(1998) • Permutter(1999) • Tonry(2003), z=0.3~1.3, 8 new • Knop(2003), z=0.36-0.86, 11 new • CMB anisotropies (WMAP) • Large scale structure etc

Models for Dark Energy 1. Cosmological constant ∧ 2. Effective gravity: L=R+ bR InR 3. scalar field: quintessence, k-essence, etc 4. Bag-Model (t.d. lee)(p=const 6. Effective Yang-Mills condensate 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 5 Models for Dark Energy: 1. Cosmological constant: Λ 2. Effective gravity: L = R + bR lnR +… 3. scalar field：quintessence, k-essence, etc 4. Bag-Model (T.D.Lee) φ =const. 5. Effective Yang-Mills condensate

Coincidence Problem Current QA=0.73= con st.Ω 0.27 At the r-m equality with 1+2=3500 92A=6.3×10-1gm 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 6 Coincidence Problem：

strategy construct a tracking solution the present state is insensitive to the initial conditions 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 7 strategy: construct a tracking solution, the present state is insensitive to the initial conditions

Effective Yang-Mills condensate Idea: What if the universe is filled with quantum effective YM condensate as the ground state? The universe is quite similar to the QCD vacuum in hadrons, to which the quantum effective yang-Mills condensate contributes 2021/1/25 8

2021/1/25 8 Effective Yang-Mills condensate: Idea: What if the Universe is filled with quantum effective YM condensate as the ground state? The universe is quite similar to the QCD vacuum in hadrons, to which the quantum effective Yang-Mills condensate contributes

Recall MIT Bag Constant Idea: Quarks inside hadrons feel a vacuum with P=B, p=-B, where B is MIT Bag constant QCD vacuum in hadrons can be phenomenologically described by the B to which the gluon condensate contributes 2021/1/25

2021/1/25 9 Recall : MIT Bag Constant : Idea: Quarks inside hadrons feel a vacuum with ρ=B, p= -B, where B is MIT Bag constant. QCD vacuum in hadrons can be phenomenologically described by the B, to which the gluon condensate contributes

The metric a2(tdi The effective ym field lagrangian 'eff=obF(In 6=2. 11/247 for the group SU(2) r--the renormalization scale of dim m alv (E-B) plays the role of the order parameter of the condensate The pure "electric"case F= E 2021/1/25 10

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