同济大学：《中国概论》课程教学资源（PPT课件）Chapter 07 Economic Development Miracle——China

190 Agenda China's Economic Growth:A Review The Key Elements for China's Growth : 中国概论

Agenda ◼ China’s Economic Growth: A Review ◼ The Key Elements for China’s Growth

China's Economic Growth:A Review Economy The largest Exporter second largest Importer 1st~25th 26th~50th Per capita GDP(PPP) 51st~75th 76th~100th

second largest China’s Economic Growth: A Review The largest Economy Exporter Importer Per capita GDP (PPP) 26th~50th 51st~75th 76th~100th 1 st~25th

China's Economic Growth:A Review General description The People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy after the United States.It is the world's fastest-growing major economy ● with average growth rates of 10%for the past 30 years.China is also ● the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world. : China became the world's top manufacturer in 2011,surpassing the United States.The country's per capita GDP(PPP)is $7,518(IMF 93rd in the world)in 2010. 。中国就论”。。。。。。。●● ●●●●

The People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy after the United States. It is the world's fastest-growing major economy with average growth rates of 10% for the past 30 years. China is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world. China became the world's top manufacturer in 2011, surpassing the United States. The country's per capita GDP (PPP) is $7,518 (IMF 93rd in the world) in 2010. General description China’s Economic Growth: A Review

1907 China's Economy prior to the start of economy reform 1930s--1949 China's economy experienced modest,but significant,growth in the decades prior to the outbreak of full-scale war with Japan in 1937. The pattern of pre-World War II economic advance reflected China's openness to international trade and investment.Prewar expansion clustered around two growth poles:the Yangzi Delta area centered on Shanghai and the northeastern provinces. 。。。 中国概论

China’s economy experienced modest, but significant, growth in the decades prior to the outbreak of full-scale war with Japan in 1937. The pattern of pre-World War economic advance reflected China’s openness to international trade and investment. Prewar expansion clustered around two growth poles: the Yangzi Delta area centered on Shanghai and the northeastern provinces. China’s Economy prior to the start of economy reform 1930s---1949 Ⅱ

解ap of China 190 Northeastern provinces 乐北三省地图 黑龙江省 辽宁至 详团的容清点击佛图 Yangzi Delta Area Shanghai was the largest and most prosperous city in the Far East during the 1930s

Shanghai was the largest and most prosperous city in the Far East during the 1930s Northeastern provinces Yangzi Delta Area

190 Modest but significant economic growth in 1930s,that were not regained for over sixty years The economy was heavily disrupted by the war against Japan and the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1949. 中国概论

• Modest but significant economic growth in 1930s, that were not regained for over sixty years • The economy was heavily disrupted by the war against Japan and the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1949

90 1949-1978 ◆ The new China moved to create an economic system largely modeled after Soviet experience.Soviet advisers and Soviet- trained specialists worked to establish new institutions organized around annual and five-year plans,extensive state ownership, central control over prices,and material balance plans that issued specific directives governing the allocation of major inputs, products,and financial flows. 南海县 贰市寸 侨汇增加统銷商品供应票 (全县通用) 中华人民共和国粮魔部 5 全望南月 猪肉2颜 伍市斤 有放期. 中国人氏银行 1966元 贰市寸6剩 196 南海县支行 7月至12月 印发

◆ The new China moved to create an economic system largely modeled after Soviet experience. Soviet advisers and Soviet￾trained specialists worked to establish new institutions organized around annual and five-year plans, extensive state ownership, central control over prices, and material balance plans that issued specific directives governing the allocation of major inputs, products, and financial flows. 1949-1978

90 Failures of planed system Food scarcity:Chinese villager and city dwellers Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services Isolation from the international economy ● Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors ● ● 中国概论

Food scarcity: Chinese villager and city dwellers Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services Failures of planed system Isolation from the international economy Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors

90 1978-1990 ● Reform in the countryside:Beginning with the poor mountain areas of Anhui and then spreading across the ● ● country.Farmers were able to keep the land's output after paying a share to the state.This move increased . . agricultural production,increased the living standards of hundreds of millions of farmers and stimulated rural ● industry. Reforms were also implemented in urban industry to ● increase productivity.A dual price system was introduced. Private businesses were allowed to operate and they began to make up a greater percentage of industrial output ● 中国概论 一 ●●●●●垂●●●意●●●●●●●●

 Reform in the countryside: Beginning with the poor mountain areas of Anhui and then spreading across the country. Farmers were able to keep the land's output after paying a share to the state. This move increased agricultural production, increased the living standards of hundreds of millions of farmers and stimulated rural industry.  Reforms were also implemented in urban industry to increase productivity. A dual price system was introduced. Private businesses were allowed to operate and they began to make up a greater percentage of industrial output. 1978-1990

。少。。。 ▣ Special economic zones were set up to absorb foreign direct investment:All of these places provide favored tax treatment and other advantages for foreign investment.Laws on contracts,patents,and other matters of concern 福州 to foreign businesses were also passed in an effort to attract international capital to 心海湛江 spur China's development 电台记者采访路线图

 Special economic zones were set up to absorb foreign direct investment: All of these places provide favored tax treatment and other advantages for foreign investment. Laws on contracts, patents, and other matters of concern to foreign businesses were also passed in an effort to attract international capital to spur China‘s development