上海交通大学：《神话与创意》课程教学资源（讲稿）第四讲 神话与生活（阅读与讨论）

神话与创意 叶舒宪 (上海交大文学人类学研究中心) 第一讲神话：文化寻根与文学增值 第二讲神话学理论与方法 第三讲新神话主义与文化资本 第四讲 神话与生活（阅读与讨论）

一、作为文化创意产业的 6 重述神话”运动 1. 《指环王》 2. 《哈利波特》 ▣3. 《达·芬奇密码》 ▣4. “重述神话”跨国写作 ▣5.中国重述神话的欠缺： 姜戎《狼图腾》 叶兆言《后羿》

“重述神话”的学术基础： 从国际的成功案例看，新神话主义的作者既是小 说家，又是不挂名的比较神话学家。像艾略特 乔伊思、加西亚马尔克斯、托尔金、罗琳、丹 布朗等，都是如此。神话学的知识贮备让其文学 想象如虎添翼。 神话世界的整体系谱对于作者，如同获得猫头鹰 穿透黑暗的犀利目光，又如同精神分析学家掌握 了解读梦幻象征的密码本

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托尔金的神话再造 托尔金的创作动机看，《指环王》具有双重 的文化再认同倾向： 一是重建英伦民族本土神话传统， 二是重寻一种前现代的、前工业化的社会传 统。 魔戒一贪欲的象征 资本主义工业文明的象征

OF MYTH A RE A D E R was world born out of languge,tobe experienced,not excavated"la cightcen new and classic essays,Jane Chance ad established and cmerging Tolkicn schobars cxplore the profond influence of late classical and medieval mythologies-ancient Greek. classical and medieval Latin.Old Norse,Old English,and Finnish.Tolkien used writingx such as these as he shaped his own mythology in Theo and the litcrary masterpicce ord of the题 Exploring the arigins of Tolkien's mythological influcnces,these csuys illuminate the crucial episodes characters,syic,langgc,and concepts central to Tolkien's complex worids.The OLKIEN authors probe how such transformations of languge and mythology take place in thematic THE and symbolic form in the novel They then relate thesc cpisodes to Tolkien's understanding of socicty culrure,history heritage,tradition. nature,beroism,and love. NVENTION Among the cootributors are well-known schol- ars Marjorie J Bums,Michael DC Drout, Verhyn Flieger,David Lyle Jeffreg Tom Shippex and Richard C.West,whose essays cxamine Tolkien's literary aesthetic in folllore,his love OF人个TH of philology (his own and medieval),and the philosophical and religious underpinnings of his narratives.The four sections of the book inves- tigate his adaptation of lte cassical and medicval legends and histories as well as north- ern European mythological sources. 积滋部

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