《系统解剖学 Systematic Anatomy》课程教学课件（PPT英文讲稿）Part I Locomotor System_Chapter 4 Bones and Articulations of Lower Limb_1.3 Bones and Articulations of the lower limb

O3-- Bones and Articulations of lower limb

03- Bones and Articulations of lower limb

Main contentsI. The bones of lower limbII. The articulations of lower limb

Ⅰ. The bones of lower limb Ⅱ. The articulations of lower limb Main contents

Introduction::Characteristics:Bones --- heavy, strongJoints --- stable· Functions: supporting (mainly); movements

• Characteristics: Bones - heavy, strong Joints - stable • Functions: supporting (mainly); movements Introduction:

I . The bones of the lower limbI ） Pelvic girdle: hip boneIliac crestIliac fossaAnterior superioriliacspineArcuate lineLunate surfacegreatersciaticObturatorgroovenotchAcetabulalPecten pubisfossaIschialspinePubic tubercleObturatorforamenSymphyseal surfaceIschialtuberosity

Ⅰ. The bones of the lower limb Ⅰ）Pelvic girdle: hip bone Iliac crest Anterior superior iliac spine Arcuate line Ischial spine Ischial tuberosity Pubic tubercle Pecten pubis Acetabular fossa Symphyseal surface Iliac fossa Obturator groove greater sciatic notch Obturator foramen Lunate surface

Ⅱ) The bones of free lower limb1.FemurFovea offemoral headfemoralheadGreat trochanterNeckLesser trochanterLateral condyleAdductortubercleMedialcondyle·Anterior view.Posteriorview

Ⅱ）The bones of free lower limb 1. Femur femoral head Great trochanter Neck Lesser trochanter Medial condyle Lateral condyle Adductor tubercle Fovea of femoral head • Anterior view • Posterior view

2. Patella: the biggest sesamoid bone

2. Patella: the biggest sesamoid bone

3. Bones of leg. Tibia + FibulaMedial condyleIntercondylar eminenceFibular headTibial tuberosityFibular neckLateralmalleolusMedialmalleolus

• Tibia + Fibula Tibial tuberosity Medial malleolus Intercondylar eminence Medial condyle Lateral malleolus Fibular head 3. Bones of leg Fibular neck

4. Bones of foot. Tarsal bones: 7 bonesMetatarsalbones:5bones: Phalanges of toes: 14 bonesPhalangesoftoesMetatarsalbonesCuneiformboneNavicular boneCuboid boneTarsal bonesTalusCalcaneus

• Tarsal bones: 7 bones • Metatarsal bones: 5 bones • Phalanges of toes: 14 bones Phalanges of toes Metatarsal bones Tarsal bones Talus Calcaneus Navicular bone Cuneiform bone Cuboid bone 4. Bones of foot

Il. The articulations of the lower limbI) The articulations of the pelvic girdle1. Pubic symphysis: symphyseal surface + interpubic disc2.Sacroiliac joint3. Obturator membrane: obturator canal70~75

II. The articulations of the lower limb Ⅰ）The articulations of the pelvic girdle 1. Pubic symphysis: symphyseal surface + interpubic disc 2. Sacroiliac joint 3. Obturator membrane: obturator canal

D Sacrospinous lig.: sacrum, coccyx → ischial tuberosity② Sacrotuberous lig. : sacrum, coccyx → ischial spine③ Greater sciatic foramen : + greater sciatic foramen notchLesser sciaticforamen:+②+lesser sciaticforamen notch1

① Sacrospinous lig.: sacrum, coccyx → ischial tuberosity ② Sacrotuberous lig. : sacrum, coccyx → ischial spine ① ② ③ Greater sciatic foramen : ① + greater sciatic foramen notch ④ Lesser sciatic foramen : ① + ② + lesser sciatic foramen notch ③ ④