《系统解剖学 Systematic Anatomy》课程教学课件（PPT英文讲稿）Part III Angiology_Chapter 1 Cardiovascular System_Section 2 Artery_3.2 The Arteries

The Arteries

The Arteries

TheArteriesconveytheblood awayfromthehearttotheall partsof thebodythebranchesbecomesmaller&continuouswithcapillaries

• convey the blood away from the heart to the all parts of the body • the branches become smaller & continuous with capillaries The Arteries

Characteristics ofthearteriesThelarger arteriesusually occupythemostprotectedsituations,running,inthe limbsalong theflexor surface,where theyarelessexposedtoinjurySegmental &intersegmentalincharacterThe intersegmentalcharacterof theintercostal&lumbarvesselsisobvious.TheintersegmentalA.&V.arebilaterallysymmetricalvessels.Thearteriesin thetrunk of the body consistofparietal&visceralbranchesTaketheshortestpossiblecourseRuntogetherwithV.&N.inasheathoffasciato formneurovascularbundle

Characteristics of the arteries • The larger arteries usually occupy the most protected situations, running, in the limbs, along the flexor surface, where they are less exposed to injury. • Segmental & intersegmental in character. The intersegmental character of the intercostal & lumbar vessels is obvious. • The intersegmental A.& V. are bilaterally symmetrical vessels. • The arteries in the trunk of the body consist of parietal & visceral branches. • Take the shortest possible course. • Run together with V. & N. in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle

Characteristics ofthearteriesThe larger arteries usuallyoccupythemostprotectedsituations,runninginthelimbs,alongtheflexor surface,wherethey arelessexposedtoinjury..The intersegmental characterof intercostal&lumbarvesselsis obviousTheintersegmentalA.&V.arebilaterallysymmetricalvesselsThearteriesinthetrunkconsistofparietal&visceralbranchesTaketheshortestpossiblecourseRuntogetherwithV.&N.inaneurovascularbundle

Characteristics of the arteries • The larger arteries usually occupy the most protected situations, running, in the limbs, along the flexor surface, where they are less exposed to injury. • The intersegmental character of intercostal & lumbar vessels is obvious. • The intersegmental A.& V. are bilaterally symmetrical vessels. • The arteries in the trunk consist of parietal & visceral branches. • Take the shortest possible course. • Run together with V. & N. in a neurovascular bundle

VascularanastomosisAnastomoses:whichmeansthearteriesdonotend incapillaries.butunitewithoneanothertoformtheanastomoses·A-Aarterialarch/arterialnetwork.V-Vvenousplexus/network·A-Varteriovenousanastomoses.Collateral vessels&collateral circulation众u阁

• A-A arterial arch / arterial network • V-V venous plexus/ network • A-V arteriovenous anastomoses • Collateral vessels & collateral circulation • Anastomoses: which means the arteries do not end in capillaries, but unite with one another to form the anastomoses. Vascular anastomosis

I.Arteries ofpulmonary circulationconvey thedeoxygenated bloodfrom the RV to the lungsRight&leftpulmonary②Pulmonarytrunk①Rightventricle

I. Arteries of pulmonary circulation • convey the deoxygenated blood from the RV to the lungs ② Pulmonary trunk Right & left pulmonary ① Right ventricle

Arterial ligament·liesbetweentherootoftheleft pulmonaryA.&aorticarch②?istheremnant oftheductusarteriosusinthefetusLinkeArteriasubclavigAortaDuctusarteriosus2Pulmonalarterie?

Arterial ligament • lies between the root of the left pulmonary A.① & aortic arch ② • is the remnant of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus ① ②

ll.Arteries ofsystemic circulationconveytheoxygenatedbloodfromLVtovarioustissues&organsAscendingaorta:originatesfromtheLV②Aorticarch③Thoracicaorta:atthelevelofT4-→T124Abdominalaorta:bifurcatesintotheleft&rightcommon iliacA0②4?RLV

II. Arteries of systemic circulation • convey the oxygenated blood from LV to various tissues & organs. ① Ascending aorta: originates from the LV ② Aortic arch ③ Thoracic aorta: at the level of T4 → T12 ④ Abdominal aorta: bifurcates into the left & right common iliac A. ④ ① ② ③ LV

The ascendingaorta:left & right coronaryALeitcommonRight commorcarolid arterycarotid arteryTheaorticarchRight①BrachiocephlictrunksubclavianLeftarterysubclavianartery·RightcommoncaroticABrachiocephalicarteryRightsubclavianAArchataorta②LeftcommoncaroticADescendingaorta?LeftsubclavianARightcoronararteryLaflcoronaryartery

The ascending aorta: left & right coronary A. • Right common carotic A. The aortic arch ① Brachiocephlic trunk • Right subclavian A. ② Left common carotic A. ③ Left subclavian A

I)Thearteries ofhead andneck.Regional arterial trunk:common carotidA.&the subclavianA1.CommoncarotidARight common carotidA.originatesfromthe brachiocephalictrunkLeft common carotidA.originatesfromtheaorticarchdivideintotheexternal D&internalcarotidA.2

Ⅰ）The arteries of head and neck • Regional arterial trunk: common carotid A. & the subclavian A. 1. Common carotid A. • Right common carotid A. originates from the brachiocephalic trunk • Left common carotid A. originates from the aortic arch • divide into the external ① & internal carotid A. ②