《环境地质学》（双语版） 第一讲 地球内部过程

讲 环境地质学 Environmental Geology 主讲人:万新南教授 Prof wan xinnan 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

环境地质学 Environmental Geology 主讲人：万新南教授 Prof. Wan xinnan

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding Coastal areas, especially around the pacific Ocean basin where so many large earthquakes occur, may also be vulnerable易于to tsunamis 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding Coastal areas, especially around the Pacific Ocean basin where so many large earthquakes occur, may also be vulnerable易于 to tsunamis

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding These are seismic sea waves sometimes improperly called " tidal waves,although they have nothing to do with tides. When an undersea or near-shore earthquake occurs, sudden movement of the sea floor may set up waves traveling away from that spot, like ripples in a pond caused by a dropped pebble. Contrary to modern movie fiction, tsunamis are not seen as huge breakers in the open ocean that topple ocean liners in one sweep In the open sea, the tsunamis are only unusually broad swells on the water surface 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding These are seismic sea waves, sometimes improperly called “tidal waves,” although they have nothing to do with tides. When an undersea or near-shore earthquake occurs, sudden movement of the sea floor may set up waves traveling away from that spot, like ripples in a pond caused by a dropped pebble. Contrary to modern movie fiction, tsunamis are not seen as huge breakers in the open ocean that topple ocean liners in one sweep. In the open sea, the tsunamis are only unusually broad swells on the water surface

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding As tsunamis approach land, however, they develop into large breaking waves, as the undulating起伏 waters“ touch bottom”near shore. these breakers can easily be over 15 meters high in the case of larger earthquakes. Several such breakers may crash over the coast in succession/*E; between waves, the water may be pulled swiftly seaward, emptying a harbor'a it or bay, and perhaps pulling unwary粗心 onlookers旁观者 along 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding As tsunamis approach land, however, they develop into large breaking waves, as the undulating起伏waters “touch bottom”near shore. these breakers can easily be over 15 meters high in the case of larger earthquakes. Several such breakers may crash over the coast in succession相继; between waves, the water may be pulled swiftly seaward, emptying a harbor海港 or bay, and perhaps pulling unwary粗心 onlookers旁观者 along

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding Tsunamis can travel very quickly-speeds of 1,000 kilometers/hour (600 miles/hour) are not uncommon -and tsunamis set off on one side of the pacific may still cause noticeable effects on the other side of the ocean. a tsunami set off by a 1960 earthquake in Chile was still vigorous enough to cause 7-meter-high breakers when it reached Hawai some fifteen hours later, and twenty-five hours after the earthquake, the tsunami was detected in Japan 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding Tsunamis can travel very quickly－speeds of 1,000 kilometers/hour (600 miles/hour) are not uncommon－and tsunamis set off on one side of the Pacific may still cause noticeable effects on the other side of the ocean. A tsunami set off by a 1960 earthquake in Chile was still vigorous enough to cause 7-meter-high breakers when it reached Hawaii some fifteen hours later, and twenty-five hours after the earthquake, the tsunami was detected in Japan

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding Given the speeds at which tsunamis travel little can be done to warn those near the earthquake epicenter, but people living some distance away can be warned in time to evacuate itiL #, saving lives if not property 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding Given the speeds at which tsunamis travel, little can be done to warn those near the earthquake epicenter, but people living some distance away can be warned in time to evacuate疏散, saving lives, if not property

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding In 1948, two years after a devastating tsunami hit Hawaii, the U.S Coast and Geodetic ht Survey established a Tsunami Early Warning System, based in Hawaii. Whenever a major earthquake occurs in the Pacific region sea-level data are collected from a series of monitoring stations around the Pacific 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding In 1948, two years after a devastating tsunami hit Hawaii, the U.S. Coast and Geodetic测量 Survey established a Tsunami Early Warning System, based in Hawaii. Whenever a major earthquake occurs in the Pacific region, sea-level data are collected from a series of monitoring stations around the Pacific

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding If a tsunami is detected data on its source, speed and estimated time of arrival can be relayed fti to areas in danger and people can be evacuated as necessary. The system does not, admittedly i i always work perfectly 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding If a tsunami is detected, data on its source, speed, and estimated time of arrival can be relayed传送 to areas in danger and people can be evacuated as necessary. The system does not, admittedly诚然, always work perfectly

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and coastal Flooding In the 1964 Alaskan earthquake, disrupted + Er communications prevented warnings from reaching some areas quickly enough. Also, residents' responses to the warnings were variable; Some ignored the warnings, and some even went closer to shore to watch the waves, often with tragic consequences. Two tsunami warnings were issued in early1986 following earthquakes in the Aleutians阿留申群 岛. They were largely disregarded忽视. Fortunately, in that instance, the feared tsunamis did not materialize 环境迪顶学 minoucntalocelogu ,率

地球内部过程 Tsunamis海啸 and Coastal Flooding In the 1964 Alaskan earthquake, disrupted中断 communications prevented warnings from reaching some areas quickly enough. Also, residents' responses to the warnings were variable; Some ignored the warnings, and some even went closer to shore to watch the waves, often with tragic consequences. Two tsunami warnings were issued in early 1986 following earthquakes in the Aleutians阿留申群 岛. They were largely disregarded忽视. Fortunately, in that instance, the feared tsunamis did not materialize