《英语国家社会与文化入门》课程PPT教学课件（上册）The Society and Culture of Major English-Speaking Countries An Introduction Book 1 Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism

Australia Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism

Australia Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism

Quiz Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: 1淘金热 2多元文化 3厄亚斯巨石 4双向身份 5议会道歉

Quiz Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: 1 淘金热 2 多元文化 3 厄亚斯巨石 4 双向身份 5 议会道歉

Focal Points ethnicity and immigration White Australia Policy ·Multiculturalism Pauline Hanson and the One Nation Party migration to australia today four stages of the settler-Aboriginal relations the struggle for Land Rights for the Indigenous people ·the Mabo decision ·the Wik decision ·the History Wars

Focal Points • ethnicity and immigration • White Australia Policy • Multiculturalism • Pauline Hanson and the One Nation Party • migration to Australia today • four stages of the settler-Aboriginal relations • the struggle for Land Rights for the Indigenous people • the Mabo decision • the Wik decision • the History Wars

This Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I.Ethnicity and Inequality II.From White Australia to Multiculturalism III.Migration Today IV.Aboriginality Today

This Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I. Ethnicity and Inequality II. From White Australia to Multiculturalism III. Migration Today IV. Aboriginality Today

I.Ethnicity and Inequality Ethnic divisions have been a part of australia's history since the eighteenth century. There have been several stages in this history,from periods of outright racism to the current era of multiculturalism. This unit examines the twentieth century history of the two aspects of racism and ethnicity that have underpinned the development of Australian society and culture: ethnicity and immigration the relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians

I. Ethnicity and Inequality • Ethnic divisions have been a part of Australia’s history since the eighteenth century. • There have been several stages in this history, from periods of outright racism to the current era of multiculturalism. • This unit examines the twentieth century history of the two aspects of racism and ethnicity that have underpinned the development of Australian society and culture: • ethnicity and immigration • the relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians

I.Ethnicity and Inequality Migration Since the earliest days of European settlement,migration has accounted for up to fifty percent of Australia's population increase. During the middle of the nineteenth century migrants were predominantly British and those who benefited from assisted migration were almost all from Britain. However,the population also included migrants from Italy,Greece, the Lebanon,Afghanistan and the Pacific Islands. The large numbers of non-assisted migrants attracted to the country in the gold rushes from the 1850s came from many other countries especially from Germany and China. By the 1870s,the Chinese constituted the third largest group in Australia,after the British (including the Irish)and Germans

I. Ethnicity and Inequality Migration • Since the earliest days of European settlement, migration has accounted for up to fifty percent of Australia’s population increase. • During the middle of the nineteenth century migrants were predominantly British and those who benefited from assisted migration were almost all from Britain. • However, the population also included migrants from Italy, Greece, the Lebanon, Afghanistan and the Pacific Islands. • The large numbers of non-assisted migrants attracted to the country in the gold rushes from the 1850s came from many other countries especially from Germany and China. • By the 1870s, the Chinese constituted the third largest group in Australia, after the British (including the Irish) and Germans

I.Ethnicity and Inequality Chinese on a goldfield Migrants disembarking a ship,1885

I. Ethnicity and Inequality Migrants disembarking a ship, 1885 Chinese on a goldfield

I.Ethnicity and Inequality Racism was an accepted part of the culture of nineteenth century Australia,but it was the Chinese and the Pacific Islanders who suffered from the fiercest forms of discrimination. Chinese migrants were subjected to racism at many levels.They were the target of physical attacks, especially in the anti- Chinese riots at Lambing Flat in NSW(picture on the right)and Crocodile Creek in Queensland

I. Ethnicity and Inequality • Racism was an accepted part of the culture of nineteenth century Australia, but it was the Chinese and the Pacific Islanders who suffered from the fiercest forms of discrimination. • Chinese migrants were subjected to racism at many levels. They were the target of physical attacks, especially in the anti￾Chinese riots at Lambing Flat in NSW (picture on the right) and Crocodile Creek in Queensland

I.Ethnicity and Inequality Pacific Islanders were kidnapped by the Blackbirders'from their own islands and brought to Australia as indentured labourers.These workers were subjected to the "Whites only"fever that resulted in the 1901 The Pacific Island Labourers Act.Of the 10,000 Pacific Islanders who were living in Queensland and northern NSW only 700 were exempt from deportation when this Bill became law

I. Ethnicity and Inequality • Pacific Islanders were kidnapped by the ‘Blackbirders’ from their own islands and brought to Australia as indentured labourers. These workers were subjected to the “Whites only” fever that resulted in the 1901 The Pacific Island Labourers Act. Of the 10,000 Pacific Islanders who were living in Queensland and northern NSW only 700 were exempt from deportation when this Bill became law

I.Ethnicity and Inequality ·The White Australia Policy was manifested in GATE OF the Immigration NOTICE LIBERT (Restriction)Act (1901). COMMUNIS T It remained a guiding NIHILIST- SOCIALIST principle of Australian FENIAN &)(OODLUM immigration until its WELCOME gradual abolition ADMIT ANCE ● between 1966 and 1973. CHINAMEN The policy made it clear that Chinese and other non-whites'had to be stopped from permanently settling in Australia. THE ONLY ONE BARRED OUT

I. Ethnicity and Inequality • The White Australia Policy was manifested in the Immigration (Restriction) Act (1901). It remained a guiding principle of Australian immigration until its gradual abolition between 1966 and 1973. The policy made it clear that Chinese and other ‘non-whites’ had to be stopped from permanently settling in Australia