《英语国家社会与文化入门》课程PPT教学课件（上册）The Society and Culture of Major English-Speaking Countries An Introduction Book 1 Unit 08 British Foreign Relations

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 8 British Foreign Relations DIEU ET MON DROIT

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 8 British Foreign Relations

Quiz Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: ·欧盟 ·联合国 。新 超级大国 ·欧洲经济共同体 ·英国外交与联邦事务部

Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: • 欧盟 • 联合国 • 超级大国 • 欧洲经济共同体 • 英国外交与联邦事务部 Quiz

Focal Points Britain's past and present --The end of the great British empire The Foundations of Britain's foreign policy and how it is made --Influenced by its imperial history and geopolitical traits --The involvement of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Britain's relations with international institutions -Permanent member of the UN Security Council --Member of the EU and the Commonwealth Special relationship between Britain and the United States British security and defense policy

Focal Points • Britain’s past and present --The end of the great British empire • The Foundations of Britain’s foreign policy and how it is made -- Influenced by its imperial history and geopolitical traits -- The involvement of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office • Britain’s relations with international institutions -- Permanent member of the UN Security Council -- Member of the EU and the Commonwealth • Special relationship between Britain and the United States • British security and defense policy

The Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I.Britain's Past and Present II.Foundations of Britain's Foreign Policy and How It Is Made III.Britain's Relations with International Institutions IV.Special Relationship Between Britain and the United States V.British Security and Defense Policy

The Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I. Britain’s Past and Present II. Foundations of Britain’s Foreign Policy and How It Is Made III. Britain’s Relations with International Institutions IV. Special Relationship Between Britain and the United States Ⅴ. British Security and Defense Policy

I.Britain's Past and Present The largest military power in Western Europe after WWII; Big influence on the postwar international order; Active in setting up the United Nations; The end of the great British empire; Independent nuclear deterrent and technologically advanced armed forces; Considerable influence on the international economy

I. Britain’s Past and Present • The largest military power in Western Europe after WWII; • Big influence on the postwar international order; • Active in setting up the United Nations; • The end of the great British empire; • Independent nuclear deterrent and technologically advanced armed forces; • Considerable influence on the international economy

Britain's Influence on the Postwar International Order The Potsdam Proclamation was issued on July 26,1945 by the United States, Britain and China.It stated that,if Japan did not surrender,it would face "prompt and utter destruction."The declaration is viewed as an ultimatum posed to the forces of fascism and an important document which helped establish international order after World War II.On August 15,1945,the Japanese government accepted the proclamation and surrendered. The Potsdam Conference

Britain’s Influence on the Postwar International Order The Potsdam Proclamation was issued on July 26, 1945 by the United States, Britain and China. It stated that, if Japan did not surrender, it would face "prompt and utter destruction." The declaration is viewed as an ultimatum posed to the forces of fascism and an important document which helped establish international order after World War II. On August 15, 1945, the Japanese government accepted the proclamation and surrendered. The Potsdam Conference

A Brief Introduction to the United Nations The United Nations(UN)is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. At its founding,the UN had 51 member states;there are now 193.The UN Headquarters is situated in Manhattan,New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva,Nairobi and Vienna.The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security,promoting human rights,fostering social and economic development,protecting the environment,and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine,natural disaster,and armed conflict. The UN has six principal organs:the General Assembly;the Security Council;the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC);the Secretariat;the International Court of Justice;and the United Nations Trusteeship Council (inactive since 1994).The UN's most prominent officer is the Secretary-General

A Brief Introduction to the United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The UN Headquarters is situated in Manhattan, New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna . The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict. The UN has six principal organs: the General Assembly; the Security Council; the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); the Secretariat; the International Court of Justice; and the United Nations Trusteeship Council (inactive since 1994). The UN's most prominent officer is the Secretary-General

Britain Was Active in Setting up the UN and Was Awarded a Seat on the UN Security Council After months of planning,on 25 April, 1945.the UN Conference on International Organization opened in San Francisco,attended by 50 governments and a number of non- governmental organizations involved in drafting the United Nations Charter The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945 upon ratification of the Charter by the five permanent members of the Security Council France,the Republic of China,the Soviet Union,the UK and the USA- and by a majority of the other 46 signatories

Britain Was Active in Setting up the UN and Was Awarded a Seat on the UN Security Council After months of planning, on 25 April, 1945, the UN Conference on International Organization opened in San Francisco, attended by 50 governments and a number of non￾governmental organizations involved in drafting the United Nations Charter. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945 upon ratification of the Charter by the five permanent members of the Security Council— France, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the UK and the USA— and by a majority of the other 46 signatories

II.The Foundations of Britain's Foreign Policy and How It Is Made Influenced by its imperial history and geopolitical traits; Long-term physical separation from the European continent: The general direction of foreign policy decided by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet; Involvement of the following departments in the foreign policy making: Foreign and Commonwealth Office; -The Ministry of Defense; -Department of Trade and Industry; The Treasury

II. The Foundations of Britain’s Foreign Policy and How It Is Made • Influenced by its imperial history and geopolitical traits; • Long-term physical separation from the European continent; • The general direction of foreign policy decided by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet; • Involvement of the following departments in the foreign policy making: - Foreign and Commonwealth Office; - The Ministry of Defense; - Department of Trade and Industry; - The Treasury

II.The Foundations of Britain's Foreign Policy and How It Is Made The general direction of Britain's foreign policy is mainly decided by the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The Foreign Commonwealth Office,the main government department,plays a key role in decision making. Many other departments such as the Ministry of Defense and the Department of Trade and Industry also play a part in formulating and carrying out the government's decisions. The Treasury plays an influential role in Britain's foreign policy.It makes decisions on how much money other departments can have each year

II. The Foundations of Britain’s Foreign Policy and How It Is Made • The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is mainly decided by the Prime Minister and Cabinet. • The Foreign Commonwealth Office, the main government department, plays a key role in decision making. • Many other departments such as the Ministry of Defense and the Department of Trade and Industry also play a part in formulating and carrying out the government’s decisions. • The Treasury plays an influential role in Britain’s foreign policy. It makes decisions on how much money other departments can have each year