广东医科大学：《英语写作》课程电子教案（PPT教学课件）17 Rhetorical Operation for Effective Sentences（review-writing effective sentences）

Rhetorical Operation for Effective Sentences Guangdong Medical College

Rhetorical Operation for Effective Sentences Guangdong Medical College

Introduction What's Micro-Rhetorical Operation? Rhetoric operation refers to the process of selection, adjustment and polish of language for the purpose of conveying the information more effectively.It includes macro-rhetorical operation and micro-rhetorical operation. Micro-Rhetorical Operation for effective sentence refers to the process of addition,tightening,rank-shift,conversion, substitution,combination and separation Writing Class

Writing Class Introduction What’s Micro-Rhetorical Operation? Rhetoric operation refers to the process of selection, adjustment and polish of language for the purpose of conveying the information more effectively. It includes macro-rhetorical operation and micro-rhetorical operation. Micro-Rhetorical Operation for effective sentence refers to the process of addition, tightening, rank-shift, conversion, substitution , combination and separation

Contents 1 addition and expansion 2 tightening 3 rank-shift 4 substitution 5 conversion 6 combination and separation Writing Class

Writing Class addition and expansion Contents 1 2 tightening 3 rank-shift 4 substitution combination and separation 5 conversion 6

Addition and Expansion What is Addition Two ideas with one being an addition to the other can be combined together by indicators of addition. There are two types of addition,one is reinforcement,the other is equation.Since it is often difficult to tell them apart.We here treat them together. Writing Class

Writing Class Addition and Expansion What is Addition ? Two ideas with one being an addition to the other can be combined together by indicators of addition. There are two types of addition, one is reinforcement, the other is equation. Since it is often difficult to tell them apart. We here treat them together

Examples for Addition:adjunction We don't hesitate to give our lives and suffer some hardships. We don't hesitate to give our lives,let alone suffer some hardships. We don't hesitate to give our lives to say nothing of suffering some hardships. We don't hesitate to give our lives to without saying suffering some hardships. We don't hesitate to give our lives much less suffering some hardships. Writing Class

Writing Class Examples for Addition: adjunction We don’t hesitate to give our lives and suffer some hardships. We don’t hesitate to give our lives, let alone suffer some hardships. We don’t hesitate to give our lives to say nothing of suffering some hardships. We don’t hesitate to give our lives to without saying suffering some hardships. We don’t hesitate to give our lives much less suffering some hardships

Examples for Addition:adjunction ●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●。 and no more further more and so ● ● and to top it all and alike and likewise ● ● ● ● totally of all moreover before all else ● ● Writing Class

Writing Class Examples for Addition: adjunction and no more further more and so and to top it all and alike and likewise totally of all moreover before all else

Examples for Addition:for emphasis Now,he is dead Now,he is dead and gone. We cannot ignore the value of knowledge. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. Knowledge plays an important role in our life. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. The qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. Writing Class

Writing Class Examples for Addition: for emphasis Now, he is dead. Now, he is dead and gone. We cannot ignore the value of knowledge. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. Knowledge plays an important role in our life. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. The qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse

Examples for Addition:more details Helen is the most beautiful girl. Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher. Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in a notebook for any other singer who might be interested. I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in my notebook for any singer out there who might be interested. Writing Class

Writing Class Examples for Addition: more details Helen is the most beautiful girl. Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher. Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in a notebook for any other singer who might be interested. I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in my notebook for any singer out there who might be interested

4.Sentence Expansion For the sake of writing good English,a short and simple sentence sometimes can be expanded by adding to it (1)a modifier; (2)a parenthesis; (3)an apposition (4)a compound sentence,thus making it a complexone (5)a complex sentence,thus making it a compound-complex one. Writing Class

Writing Class 4. Sentence Expansion For the sake of writing good English, a short and simple sentence sometimes can be expanded by adding to it (1) a modifier; (2) a parenthesis; (3) an apposition； (4) a compound sentence, thus making it a complex one； (5) a complex sentence, thus making it a compound-complex one

(1)A sentencecan be expanded by adding to it a modifier.e.g. I have made somearrangements for the coming holiday,which I hope to discuss with you when you arrive here.Chengdu is a beautiful cit边 Chengdu is a beautiful city with many interesting places of historical significance. Writing Class

Writing Class (1) A sentence can be expanded by adding to it a modifier. e.g. I have made some arrangements for the coming holiday, which I hope to discuss with you when you arrive here. Chengdu is a beautiful city. — Chengdu is a beautiful city with many interesting places of historical significance