上海交通大学：《面向对象软件工程 Software Engineering》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）04. Requirements Elicitation

上浒充通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 4.Requirements Elicitation 强 u SHANG 1日日G ERSITY

4. Requirements Elicitation

上游充通大学 Outline SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Introduction Requirement Engineering Requirement Process Requirements Elicitation Use case based Requirements Modeling Use Case based Requirements Elicitation Software Engineering

Software Engineering Outline Introduction Requirement Engineering Requirement Process Requirements Elicitation Use case based Requirements Modeling Use Case based Requirements Elicitation

上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 1.Introduction Software Engineering

Software Engineering 1. Introduction

上游充通大粤 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 1.1 Requirement Driven Software Development The goal of software development is to satisfy requirements Requirements determine: ·Development Plan ·System Architecture ·System Design ·Test Software Engineering

Software Engineering 1.1 Requirement Driven Software Development The goal of software development is to satisfy requirements Requirements determine: • Development Plan • System Architecture • System Design • Test

上游充通大粤 1.2 But requirement is hard to capture SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY ILL NEED TO KNOW FIRST OF ALL. I MEAN WHAT ARE YOUR REQUIREMENTS WHAT ARE YOU IM TRYING TO MAKE YOU DESIGN YOU TRYING TO BEFORE I START TO TRYING TO MY SOFTWARE ACCOMPLISH WITH DESIGN THE SOFTWARE. ACCOMPLISH? THE SOFTWARE? I WONT KNOW WHAT TRY TO GET THIS I CAN ACCOMPLISH CONCEPT THROUGH YOUR CAN YOU DESIGN UNTIL YOU TELL ME THICK SKULL:THE IT TO TELL YOU WHAT THE SOFTWARE SOFTWARE CAN DO MY REQUIREMENTS? CAN DO WHATEVER I DESIGN IT TO DO! Scott Adams,Inc./Dist.by UFS,Inc. From http://www.ahlsmith.com/? tag=software-requirements Software Engineering

Software Engineering 1.2 But requirement is hard to capture From http://www.ahlsmith.com/? tag=software-requirements

上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY There are many different types of requirements at different levels of detail The number of requirements can become unmanageable if they're not controlled. Requirements are related to one another and also to other deliverables of the software engineering process. Requirements have unique properties or property values. For example,they are not necessarily equally important nor equally easy to meet. There are many interested parties,which means requirements need to be managed by cross-functional groups of people. Requirements change. Software Engineering

Software Engineering There are many different types of requirements at different levels of detail. The number of requirements can become unmanageable if they're not controlled. Requirements are related to one another and also to other deliverables of the software engineering process. Requirements have unique properties or property values. For example, they are not necessarily equally important nor equally easy to meet. There are many interested parties, which means requirements need to be managed by cross-functional groups of people. Requirements change

上降充通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 2.Requirements Engineering Elieit Requirements Analyze Requirements Stakeholder Participation Document Requirements Manage Requirements Validate Requirements Software Engineering

Software Engineering 2. Requirements Engineering

上游充通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY A Solution:Requirements Engineering Builds a bridge from the system requirements into software design and construction Allows the requirements engineer to examine the context of the software work to be performed the specific needs that design and construction must address the priorities that guide the order in which work is to be completed the information,function,and behavior that will have a profound impact on the resultant design Software Engineering

Software Engineering A Solution: Requirements Engineering Builds a bridge from the system requirements into software design and construction Allows the requirements engineer to examine • the context of the software work to be performed • the specific needs that design and construction must address • the priorities that guide the order in which work is to be completed • the information, function, and behavior that will have a profound impact on the resultant design

上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Requirements engineering is the branch of software engineering concerned with the real- world goals for,functions of,and constraints on software systems.It is also concerned with the relationship of these factors to precise specifications of software behavior,and to their evolution over time and across software families Zave,P.(1997).Classification of Research Efforts in Requirements Engineering.ACM Computing Surveys,29(4): 315-321. Software Engineering

Software Engineering Requirements engineering is the branch of software engineering concerned with the real￾world goals for, functions of, and constraints on software systems. It is also concerned with the relationship of these factors to precise specifications of software behavior, and to their evolution over time and across software families Zave, P. (1997). Classification of Research Efforts in Requirements Engineering. ACM Computing Surveys, 29(4): 315-321

上游充通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Requirements Engineering Requirements Development Requirements Management Requirements Establish maintain an Elicitation agreement with the customers users on the requirements &Gaps o Control the baselined Requirements Clarification requirements Analysis efects Process proposed changes to the requirements Requirements Gaps Keep requirements consistent Specification Rewrites Defect additional analysis Need for with plans work products o Negotiate new commitments Requirements based on impact of approved Validation changes Current Requirements Revised Requirements Baselined Requirements Software Engineering

Software Engineering