华中科技大学：《IT项目管理》（本科）（英文版）Topic：4 Project Time Management

IT Project management Topic: Project Time Management INSTRUCTOR: SHU LIU HIT SCHOOL OF SOFTWARE Fall 2005 All rights reserved

Topic: Project Time Management IT Project Management INSTRUCTOR: SHU LIU HIT SCHOOL OF SOFTWARE Fall 2005 All rights reserved

IT Projectmanagement Outline Importance of project Schedules Project Time management process Activity Definition Activity sequencing Activity duration estimating Schedule development Schedule control Project Time management

Project Time Management 2 Outline ◼ Importance of Project Schedules ◼ Project Time Management Process ◼ Activity Definition ◼ Activity sequencing ◼ Activity duration estimating ◼ Schedule development ◼ Schedule control IT Project Management

Importance of Project Schedules Managers often cite delivering projects on time as one of their biggest challenges Average time overrun from 1995 CHAOS report was 222%, improved to 63% in 2001 study Time has the least amount of flexibility: it passes no matter what a Schedule issues are the main reason for conflicts on projects, especially during the second halfof projects Project Time management

Project Time Management 3 Importance of Project Schedules ◼ Managers often cite delivering projects on time as one of their biggest challenges ◼ Average time overrun from 1995 CHAOS report was 222%; improved to 63% in 2001 study ◼ Time has the least amount of flexibility; it passes no matter what ◼ Schedule issues are the main reason for conflicts on projects, especially during the second half of projects

onflict Intensity Over the Life of a Project 0.40 0.35 0.30 口 Schedules 0.25 Average口 Priorities Total Conflict 口 Manpower 0.20 D Technical opinions ■ Procedures 0.15 口Cost 口 Personality conficts 60.10 0.05 0.00 Project Early Phases Middle Phases End Phase Formation Project Time management

Project Time Management 4 Conflict Intensity Over the Life of a Project 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 Project Formation Early Phases Middle Phases End Phases Conflict Intensity Schedules Priorities Manpower Technical opinions Procedures Cost Personality conflicts Average Total Conflict

Proiect Time Management processes Project time management involves the processes required to ensure timely completion of a project Processes include Activity definition Activity sequencing activity duration estimating Schedule development Schedule control Project Time management 5

Project Time Management 5 Project Time Management Processes ◼ Project time management involves the processes required to ensure timely completion of a project. ◼ Processes include: ◼ Activity definition ◼ Activity sequencing ◼ Activity duration estimating ◼ Schedule development ◼ Schedule control

aCtivity Definition Where do schedules come from? Defining activities Project schedules grow out of the basic document that Initiate a project Project charter includes start and end dates and budget information Scope statement and WBS help define what will be done Activity definition involves developing a more detailed wbs and supporting explanations to understand all the work to be done Project Time management 6

Project Time Management 6 Where Do Schedules Come From? Defining Activities ◼ Project schedules grow out of the basic document that initiate a project ◼ Project charter includes start and end dates and budget information ◼ Scope statement and WBS help define what will be done ◼ Activity definition involves developing a more detailed WBS and supporting explanations to understand all the work to be done

aCtivity Definition Activity Definition npu Output 1. WBS 2. Scope Statement 3. Historicalinfo 1. All Activities 4. Constraints 2. Detailed description 5. Assumptions 3. Revised wbs Project Time management

Project Time Management 7 Activity Definition Input 1. WBS 2. Scope Statement 3. Historical info. 4. Constraints 5. Assumptions Output 1. All Activities 2. Detailed description 3. Revised WBS

aCtivity Sequencing Ctivity Sequencing Involves reviewing activities and determining dependencies Mandatory dependencies: inherent in the nature of the work, hard logic Discretionary dependencies: defined by the project team; soft logic External dependencies: involve relationships between project and non-project activities Project Time management

Project Time Management 8 Activity Sequencing ◼ Involves reviewing activities and determining dependencies ◼ Mandatory dependencies: inherent in the nature of the work; hard logic ◼ Discretionary dependencies: defined by the project team; soft logic ◼ External dependencies: involve relationships between project and non-project activities

r Activity Sequencing Project Network Diagrams a Project network diagrams are the preferred technique for showing activity sequencing a project network diagram is a schematic display of the logical relationships among, or sequencing of, project activities Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM Project Time management

Project Time Management 9 Project Network Diagrams ◼ Project network diagrams are the preferred technique for showing activity sequencing ◼ A project network diagram is a schematic display of the logical relationships among, or sequencing of, project activities ◼ Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) ◼ Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM)

r Activity Sequencing Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) Also called activity-on-arTOw(AOa) project network diagrams a Activities are represented by arrows a Nodes or circles are the starting and ending pe oints of activities 2 E 5 B 3 Project Time management

Project Time Management 10 Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) ◼ Also called activity-on-arrow (AOA) project network diagrams ◼ Activities are represented by arrows ◼ Nodes or circles are the starting and ending points of activities 1 2 3 4 5 A B C D E