重庆医科大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）Bronchial Asthma

Bronchial asthma Dr Enmei Liu Division of Respiratory Disorders Childrens Hospital

Bronchial Asthma Dr Enmei Liu Division of Respiratory Disorders Children’s Hospital

Asthma is a major public Health Problem Nearly 5 million children have asthma(6.9% of children under 18) It is one of the most common chronic childhood illnesses It is a leading cause of school absences

Asthma is a Major Public Health Problem • Nearly 5 million children have asthma (6.9% of children under 18) • It is one of the most common chronic childhood illnesses • It is a leading cause of school absences

In a classroom of 30 children 2 or more children are likely to have asthma

2 or more children are likely to have asthma In a classroom of 30 children

Asthma -a global disease Totally 1.5 bilion asthma Eighteen thousand patients patients in the died for asthma world :Cost for asthma therapy Thirty million asthma more than that for patient in our contry AIs and tB

Totally 1.5 billion asthma patients in the world Eighteen thousand patients died for asthma Cost for asthma therapy more than that for AIS and TB Thirty million asthma patient in our contry Asthma –a global disease

Epidemiology Increase in the prevalence of asthma: incidence of asthma from1.65% to 5.33% In childhood Male: Female=2: 1

Epidemiology ❖Increase in the prevalence of asthma: incidence of asthma from1.65% to 5.33% ❖In childhood,Male:Female=2:1

ASthma come from greek means“ Wheezing

“Asthma” come from Greek, means “Wheezing

In 1994. 17 countries in WHO GINA Global Initiative for Asthma

In 1994, 17 countries in WHO GINA Global Initiative for Asthma

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role, in particular, mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells. In susceptible individuals, this inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammation also causes an associated increase in the existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role, in particular, mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells. In susceptible individuals, this inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammation also causes an associated increase in the existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli

What is asthma? a disease that Is chronic Produces recurring episodes of breathing problems Coughing ● Wheezing o Chest tightness o Shortness of breath

What is Asthma? A disease that: • Is chronic • Produces recurring episodes of breathing problems ⚫ Coughing ⚫ Wheezing ⚫ Chest tightness ⚫ Shortness of breath

Environmental factors Genetic predisposition Bronchial Inflammation Upper respiratory tract Bronchial infection Allergens Hyperreactivity+trigger factors Exercise Emotionalupset edema Bronchoconstriction Mucus production Airways Narrowing Symptoms

Environmental factors Genetic predisposition Bronchial Inflammation Bronchial Hyperreactivity+trigger factors Oedema Bronchoconstriction Mucus Production Airways Narrowing Symptoms Upper respiratory tract infection Allergens Exercise Emotional upset