《翻译与思辩》参考资料：Topic 4 Food Safety Materials_粮食危机

Food c卫1s1s

Food crisis

Food securit o Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient. safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Food security ❖ Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Current situation ◇全球大米库存将至1984年以来最低。 ◇世界粮食储备只够维持53天 ◇粮食危机国已达33个。 ◇全球超过8亿人每天饿着肚子休息 ◇冷战至今大规模粮食危机已经发生了5次 ◇目前已有13个国家发生了粮食骚动

Current Situation ◇全球大米库存将至1984年以来最低。 ◇世界粮食储备只够维持53天。 ◇粮食危机国已达33个。 ◇全球超过8亿人每天饿着肚子休息。 ◇冷战至今大规模粮食危机已经发生了5次 。 ◇目前已有13个国家发生了粮食骚动

图1 1969-1971年至2010年世界食物不足人口数 百万 1050 2009 1000 950 2008 900 10 1969-71 850 1990-92 197981 2000-02 200507 800 1995-97 750 注:2009及2010年的数字由粮农组织根据美国农业部 资料来源:粮农组织 经济研究局的资料估箅而来。具体估箅方法请参阅 相关技木背景说明(网址: w. fao. org/publication/sofi/en)

Undernourishment in 2010, by region(millions) Total= 925 million Developed countries 19 Near East and north africa 37 Latin america and the Caribbean 53 Sub-Saharan Africa 239 Asia and the pacific 578

2010 Food Safety Risk Index very high risk"countries Afghanistan, Congo(DRC)Democratic Republic, Burundi, Eritrea, Sudan, Ethiopia, Angola, Liberia, Chad and zimbabwe high risk countries Bangladesh(ranked 23), Pakistan(ranked 30), India (ranked 31), Filipino(ranked 52), and are classified as moderate risk countries, including the ranked 96 China Enough food countries Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, North America and Western Europe The highest risk of food in 50 countries, 36 are in sub-Saharan africa

2010 Food Safety Risk Index “very high risk” countries : Afghanistan, Congo (DRC) Democratic Republic, Burundi, Eritrea, Sudan, Ethiopia, Angola, Liberia, Chad and Zimbabwe. “high risk” countries: Bangladesh (ranked 23), Pakistan (ranked 30), India (ranked 31), Filipino (ranked 52), and are classified as “moderate risk” countries, including the ranked 96 China. “Enough food” countries: Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway,North America and Western Europe The highest risk of food in 50 countries, 36 are in sub-Saharan Africa

Causes .o Climate Change 令 Global water crisis Low production 冷 Land degradation 令 Governments' Policies .o Consumption structure change SHARP CONTRAST .o Population growth Biofuel High consumption

Causes ❖ Climate Change ❖ Global water crisis ❖ Land degradation ❖ Governments’ Policies ❖ Consumption structure change ❖ Population growth ❖ Biofuel Low production High consumption SHARP CONTRAST

Food Price 2007-2008 world food price crisis 粮农组织食品价格指数 20022004=100 名义 210 170 实同 50 90919293949596979899000102030405060708091011 实坏快格指数为名义快格指数拉“世界要行制废品平位快指数”国素计算出

Food Price 2007–2008 world food price crisis ❖ Between 2006 and 2008 average world prices for rice rose by 217%, wheat by 136%, corn by 125% and soybeans by 107%

causes CORN USED FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION. 1984-2009 Million Bushels 8 8 8 药B3885SB吕吕吕58 Source USDA, ERS Feed Outlook, 1/09 Marketing year ending 8/31/10

causes ❖ Unbalanced supply-demand -----low production -----increasing consumption (Biofuel) http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Environment/documents/2008/07/10/Biofuels.PDF ❖ Increasing oil price ❖ US dollar depreciation ❖ Low grain stocks ❖ Speculative activities

A Social unrest Relation Food price B Food secur

Food price Social unrest Relation Food security