《微观经济学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）chapter 12 Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly

Chapter 12 Monopolistic Competition and oligopoly

Chapter 12 Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly

Topics to be Discussed a MonopolistIc Competition Oligopoly Price Competition a Competition Versus Collusion: The Prisoners dilemma Chapter 12 Slide 2

Chapter 12 Slide 2 Topics to be Discussed n Monopolistic Competition n Oligopoly n Price Competition n Competition Versus Collusion: The Prisoners’ Dilemma

Topics to be Discussed a Implications of the Prisoners Dilemma for Oligopolistic Pricing ■ Cartels Chapter 12 Slide 3

Chapter 12 Slide 3 Topics to be Discussed n Implications of the Prisoners’ Dilemma for Oligopolistic Pricing n Cartels

Monopolistic Competition ■ Characteristics 1)Many firms 2) Free entry and exit 3)Differentiated product Chapter 12 Slide 4

Chapter 12 Slide 4 Monopolistic Competition n Characteristics 1) Many firms 2) Free entry and exit 3) Differentiated product

Monopolistic Competition a The amount of monopoly po depends on the degree ofwer differentiation a EXamples of this very common market structure include ● Toothpaste o Soap ● Cold remedies Chapter 12 Slide 5

Chapter 12 Slide 5 Monopolistic Competition n The amount of monopoly power depends on the degree of differentiation. n Examples of this very common market structure include: l Toothpaste l Soap l Cold remedies

Monopolistic Competition ■ Toothpaste e Crest and monopoly power Procter Gamble is the sole producer of Crest Consumers can have a preference for Crest---taste, reputation, decay preventing efficacy The greater the preference (differentiation) the higher the price Chapter 12 Slide 6

Chapter 12 Slide 6 Monopolistic Competition n Toothpaste l Crest and monopoly power u Procter & Gamble is the sole producer of Crest u Consumers can have a preference for Crest---taste, reputation, decay preventing efficacy u The greater the preference (differentiation) the higher the price

Monopolistic Competition ■ Question o Does Procter Gamble have much monopoly power in the market for Crest? Chapter 12 Slide 7

Chapter 12 Slide 7 Monopolistic Competition n Question l Does Procter & Gamble have much monopoly power in the market for Crest?

Monopolistic Competition a The Makings of Monopolistic Competition o Two important characteristics e Differentiated but highly substitutable products ◆ Free entry and exit Chapter 12 Slide 8

Chapter 12 Slide 8 Monopolistic Competition n The Makings of Monopolistic Competition l Two important characteristics uDifferentiated but highly substitutable products uFree entry and exit

A Monopolistically Competitive Firm in the Short and Long Run S/Q Short run $/Q MC Long RunMc AC AC LR MR SR MR Quantity Q Quantity

A Monopolistically Competitive Firm in the Short and Long Run Quantity $/Q Quantity $/Q MC AC MC AC DSR MRSR DLR MRLR QSR PSR QLR PLR Short Run Long Run

A Monopolistically Competitive Firm in the Short and Long Run a Observations(short-run e Downward sloping demand--differentiated product Demand is relatively elastic--good substitutes ●MR<P o Profits are maximized when Mr= mc e This firm is making economic profits Chapter 12 Slide 10

Chapter 12 Slide 10 n Observations (short-run) l Downward sloping demand--differentiated product l Demand is relatively elastic--good substitutes l MR < P l Profits are maximized when MR = MC l This firm is making economic profits A Monopolistically Competitive Firm in the Short and Long Run