《农机化专业英语》special english

Reading Shecial Eglish Engineering Collage, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University Hu jun E-mail:hjgj727F@

Reading Special English Engineering Collage, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University Hu jun E-mail:hjgj7275@126.com

(一)常见的前缀 3.表示时间,序列关系的前缀 ●1) ante-,anti-,表示“先前,早于,预先” e antecedent, anticipate 2)ex-,表示“先,故,旧 expresident, exhusband ●3)fore,表示“在前面,先前,前面” forward, forecast, foretell(预言) ●4mid-,medi-,表示“中,中间” ● midnight, midsummer ●5)post“表示“在后,后” postwar

（一）常见的前缀 3. 表示时间，序列关系的前缀 ⚫ 1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前，早于，预先” ⚫ antecedent, anticipate, ⚫ 2)ex-, 表示“先，故，旧” ⚫ expresident, exhusband ⚫ 3)fore-, 表示“在前面，先前，前面” ⚫ forward, forecast, foretell(预言) ⚫ 4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中，中间” ⚫ midnight, midsummer ⚫ 5)post-"表示“在后，后” ⚫ postwar

●6)pre-,pri,表示“在前,事先,预先” o preheat, prewar, prehistory o prehistoric civilization )pro-,表示“在前,先,前” ● prologue(序言、序幕), prophet(预言家、先知) 8)e,表示“再一次,重新” retell. rewrite

⚫ 6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前，事先，预先” ⚫ preheat, prewar, prehistory ⚫ prehistoric civilization ⚫ 7)pro-, 表示“在前，先，前” ⚫ prologue(序言、序幕)，prophet(预言家、先知) ⚫ 8)re-, 表示“再一次，重新” ⚫ retell, rewrite

4.表示比较程度差别关系的前缀 1)by-,表示“副,次要的” ● byproduct, bywork(副业) 2) extra-,表示“超越,额外” ● extraordinary, 3) hyper-表示“超过,极度” ● hypersonic(超声波), hypertension(高血压) 4)out-,表示“超过,过分” ● outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) ●5)over-,表示“超过,过度,太” e overeat, overdress, oversleep

4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀 ⚫ 1)by-, 表示“副，次要的” ⚫ byproduct, bywork(副业) ⚫ 2)extra-,表示“超越，额外” ⚫ extraordinary, ⚫ 3)hyper- 表示“超过，极度” ⚫ hypersonic(超声波), hypertension(高血压) ⚫ 4)out-,表示“超过，过分” ⚫ outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) ⚫ 5)over-，表示“超过，过度，太” ⚫ overeat, overdress, oversleep

6)sub-,sucr,sur-,表示“低,次,副,亚” subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) 7) super-,sur-表示“超过” supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass ●8) under,表示“低劣,低下” undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) ●9)vice-表示“副,次” vicepresident. vicechairman

⚫ 6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低，次，副，亚” ⚫ subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) ⚫ 7)super-, sur- 表示“超过” ⚫ supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass ⚫ 8)under-,表示“低劣，低下” ⚫ undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) ⚫ 9)vice- 表示“副，次” ⚫ vicepresident, vicechairman

Reading skills of scientific and technical English Reading for Main Idea(获取主题思想) 我们可以把获取主题思想的阅读技巧分四步 1辨认主题名词 identify subject word 2找出主题词 find subject word ·3获取主题思想 gain main idea 4避免不相关的内容 avoid disrelated content

Reading skills of scientific and technical English ⚫ Reading for Main Idea (获取主题思想) ⚫ 我们可以把获取主题思想的阅读技巧分四步 ⚫ 1.辨认主题名词 identify subject word ⚫ 2.找出主题词 find subject word ⚫ 3.获取主题思想 gain main idea ⚫ 4.避免不相关的内容 avoid disrelated content

New words ●1.|athe n.车床 V.用车床加工 o A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing against a fixed cutting or abrading tool 车床:通过压紧一种固定的切割或打磨工具并迅速沿轴线转动的办法 来塑造一件材料(如木头或金属)的机器

New Words ⚫ 1. lathe n．车床 vt．用车床加工 ⚫ A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing against a fixed cutting or abrading tool. ⚫车床：通过压紧一种固定的切割或打磨工具并迅速沿轴线转动的办法 来塑造一件材料（如木头或金属）的机器

●2. swing( swung)ⅵ.(绕轴心、铰链等)回转、旋转 e3 spindle n.心轴 o 4. pulley n.滑轮,轱辘,皮带轮 e 5. clamp n.夹钳,夹子 v.(用夹钳)夹住,夹紧

⚫ 2. swing (swung) vi．（绕轴心、铰链等）回转、旋转 ⚫ 3. spindle n．心轴 ⚫ 4. pulley n．滑轮，轱辘，皮带轮 ⚫ 5. clamp n．夹钳，夹子 vt．（用夹钳）夹住，夹紧

●6. taper n.拨销 ●7. reamer n.绞刀,绞床 ●8.sadd|e n.座板,滑动座架,滑板 ●9. apron n.挡板,机床拖板箱 o 10. tapping n.攻螺丝 quI n.套管轴

⚫ 6. taper n．拨销 ⚫ 7. reamer n．绞刀，绞床 ⚫ 8. saddle n．座板，滑动座架，滑板 ⚫ 9. apron n．挡板，机床拖板箱 ⚫ 10. tapping n．攻螺丝 ⚫ 11. quill n．套管轴

Unit 4 Machine Tools The Engine Lathe(普通车床) o Engine lathe: the versatile engine lathe ranges in size and design from small bench and speed lathes to large floor types. The workpiece may be held between tapered centers and rotated with the powder spindle by means of a clamping device, or it may held in a chuck, or even fixed to a rotating plate. When the work is swung between centers, the tailstocks clamped firmly in place. 普通车床:多用途的车床,其大小和设计多种多样,有小的台式车床、高 速车床,大的落地式车床 工件支在两个锥形顶尖之间。通过夹紧装置且与主轴一起转动,或者工件 装在夹盘上,甚至可固定在一个转盘上。 当工件在两个顶尖之间转动时,尾轴则保持不动

Unit 4 Machine Tools ⚫ The Engine Lathe（普通车床） ⚫ Engine lathe: the versatile engine lathe ranges in size and design from small bench and speed lathes to large floor types. ⚫ The workpiece may be held between tapered centers and rotated with the powder spindle by means of a clamping device, or it may be held in a chuck, or even fixed to a rotating plate. ⚫ When the work is swung between centers, the tailstock is clamped firmly in place. 普通车床：多用途的车床，其大小和设计多种多样，有小的台式车床、高 速车床，大的落地式车床。 工件支在两个锥形顶尖之间。通过夹紧装置且与主轴一起转动，或者工件 装在夹盘上，甚至可固定在一个转盘上。 当工件在两个顶尖之间转动时，尾轴则保持不动