南京农业大学：《园艺作物育种学》课程教学资源（PPT专题讲座）洋葱生物技术育种 Application of Biotechnology on Onion Breeding

Application of Biotechnology on Onion Breeding Jianjun WANG 2017/12/06

Application of Biotechnology on Onion Breeding Jianjun WANG 2017/12/06

2 Contents >Summary of Onion >Onion Tissue Culture Techniques >Onions Haploid Induction >Research on Male Sterility Markers of Onion

➢Summary of Onion ➢Onion Tissue Culture Techniques ➢Onions Haploid Induction ➢Research on Male Sterility Markers of Onion Contents

Summary of Qnion 1.Onion brief introduction Onion,originated in Iran and Afghanistan,has been cultivated for more than 5,000 years and is now planted widely cultivated throughout the world According to the FAO,in 2014,the world's onion planting area were over 306.95 million hectares with a yield of 534.33 million tons

1. Onion brief introduction Onion, originated in Iran and Afghanistan, has been cultivated for more than 5,000 years and is now planted widely cultivated throughout the world. According to the FAO, in 2014, the world's onion planting area were over 306.95 million hectares with a yield of 534.33 million tons. Summary of Onion

Summary of Qnion 2.Onion Complete Growth Cycle seedling planting winte ring falling harvesting bolting&flowering 幼苗 定值缀荊后越冬 生出最后一片真叶 sowing 倒伏 冬前定值种球萌芽 播种 因已受不适宜的低温 blastome re 分球 早期抽蒸 early bolting

2. Onion Complete Growth Cycle sowing seedling planting ＆wintering falling ＆ harvesting bolting＆ flowering blastomere early bolting Summary of Onion

Summary of Qnion 3.Onion Color Red Onion Color Yellow White

3. Onion Color Red Yellow White Onion Color Summary of Onion

Summary of Qnion 4.Light's Requirement of Onion >14h Long Day UNITED STATES 11.5h-14h Day Neutral <11.5h Short Day 。6号 4 Antaretiea

Long Day Day Neutral Short Day ＞ 14 h 11.5h~14 h ＜ 11.5h 4. Light's Requirement of Onion Summary of Onion

Onion tissue culture Techniques 1.Culture of meristem >Much research on the culture of onion stem tip.MS, attached growth regulators such as 6-BA and NAA, was used as the medium

Onion tissue culture Techniques 1. Culture of meristem ➢Much research on the culture of onion stem tip. MS , attached growth regulators such as 6-BA and NAA , was used as the medium

Onion tissue culture Techniques 2.Organ culture There are many types of explants:bulbs,young leaves,flower organs,scales,etc. The onion scales plate is considered to be an effective method for producing tube seedlings. Buds and leaves are also easier to induce plant regeneration.Pike and Yoo et al.directly induced the bud from the floret by using MS medium with 5 mg/L 6BA and NAA's

2. Organ culture There are many types of explants: bulbs, young leaves, flower organs, scales, etc. The onion scales plate is considered to be an effective method for producing tube seedlings. Buds and leaves are also easier to induce plant regeneration. Pike and Yoo et al. directly induced the bud from the floret by using MS medium with 5 mg/L 6BA and NAA's . Onion tissue culture Techniques

Onion tissue culture Techniques The callus induced of unopened tender inflorescence(1.5-2.0cm) Treatment 2,4 6- No.of explants No.of callus Rate of callus D(mg/L)BA(mg/L) induction B-1 0.5 1.0 58 48 82.76% B-2 0.5 2.0 30 24 80.00% B-3 0.5 4.0 55 47 85.45% B-4 1.0 1.0 60 59 98.33% B-5 1.0 2.0 41 36 87.80% B-6 1.0 4.0 58 49 84.48% B-7 2.0 1.0 53 46 86.79% B-8 2.0 2.0 38 29 76.32% B-9 2.0 4.0 40 35 87.50% Averag 48.11 41.44 85.49%

Treatment 2,4- D(mg/L) 6- BA(mg/L) No. of explants No. of callus Rate of callus induction B- 1 0.5 1.0 58 48 82.76% B- 2 0.5 2.0 30 24 80.00% B - 3 0.5 4.0 55 47 85.45% B - 4 1.0 1.0 60 59 98.33% B - 5 1.0 2.0 41 36 87.80% B - 6 1.0 4.0 58 49 84.48% B - 7 2.0 1.0 53 46 86.79% B - 8 2.0 2.0 38 29 76.32% B - 9 2.0 4.0 40 35 87.50% Averag 48.11 41.44 85.49% The callus induced of unopened tender inflorescence (1.5-2.0cm) Onion tissue culture Techniques

Onion tissue culture Techniques a.Calli induced from explants A after 4 weeks on medium b.Calli induced from explant B after 8 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mg L1 2,4-D +1.0 mgL!6-BA; c c.Callus multiplication after 4 weeks on B5 medium with 0.5 mg L!2,4-D 1.0 mg L! 6-BA; d.Callus differentiate regeneracy shoot after 2 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mg L!TDZ: e.Bud clusters differentiated after 6 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mgL!TDZ; f.Multiplication and development of regeneracy shoot on B5 medium with 0.01 mg L-!TDZ; g-h.Regeneracy plantlets rooted after 4 weeks on 1/2MS medium with 0.01 mg L-I NAA; g h i.Domestication and transplantation. Fig.1 Plant regeneration from young umbel culture of onion

Fig. 1 Plant regeneration from young umbel culture of onion a. Calli induced from explants A after 4 weeks on medium ; b. Calli induced from explant B after 8 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mg·L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA; c. Callus multiplication after 4 weeks on B5 medium with 0.5 mg·L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA; d. Callus differentiate regeneracy shoot after 2 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mg·L-1 TDZ; e. Bud clusters differentiated after 6 weeks on B5 medium with 1.0 mg·L-1 TDZ; f. Multiplication and development of regeneracy shoot on B5 medium with 0.01 mg·L-1 TDZ; g-h. Regeneracy plantlets rooted after 4 weeks on 1/2MS medium with 0.01 mg·L-1 NAA; i. Domestication and transplantation. Onion tissue culture Techniques