复旦大学附属中山医院：《内科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件，英文版）急性胰腺炎（徐三荣）

ACUTE PANCREATITIS Xu San rong Department of Gastroenterology Huashan Hospital Fudan university

1 ACUTE PANCREATITIS Xu San rong Department of Gastroenterology Huashan Hospital Fudan university

DEFINITION An acute inflammatory process of the pan creas usually associated with sever pain in the upper abdomen in most instances blood levels of pancrea tic enzymes are increased sever acute pancreatitis: organs failure and/or local complications(necrosis, absc ess, psuedocyst)

2 DEFINITION • An acute inflammatory process of the pan￾creas usually associated with sever pain in the upper abdomen • in most instances, blood levels of pancrea￾tic enzymes are increased • sever acute pancreatitis: organs failure and/or local complications(necrosis, absc￾ess, psuedocyst)

PATHOLOGY(1) Mild acute pancreatitIs(MAP) characterized by interstitial edema associ- ated with inflammatory cell within parench yma, and microscopic parenchyma necro sis can be detectable

3 PATHOLOGY(1) • Mild acute pancreatitis(MAP) characterized by interstitial edema associ￾ated with inflammatory cell within parench￾yma, and microscopic parenchyma necro￾sis can be detectable

PATHOLOGY(2) Sever acute pancreatitis(SAP) Sever necrotizing pancreatitIs(SNP) macroscopic evidence of either focal or diffuse necrosis and hemorrhage of the pancreatic parenchyma

4 PATHOLOGY(2) • Sever acute pancreatitis(SAP) Sever necrotizing pancreatitis(SNP) macroscopic evidence of either focal or diffuse necrosis and hemorrhage of the pancreatic parenchyma

PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(1) 1 common channel and reflux of duodenal juice Ki nIn stems Sever pain gallstones elastase hemorrhage Bile →( trypsin reflux Trypsin chymotrypsin infection Phospho NipaseA2 Free fat erum Steatolvtic acid calcium enzymes

5 PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(1) 1 common channel and reflux of duodenal juice gallstones infection Bile juice reflux trypsin Kinin systems elastase Trypsin chymotrypsino Phospho￾lipaseA2 Steatolytic enzymes Sever pain hemorrhage Free fat acid Serum calcium

PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(2) 2 alcoholic and overeat 3 obstruct of main pancreatic duct 4 diseases round the duodenum/ampullary region 5 postoperative pancreatitis and pancreatic trauma

6 PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(2) 2 alcoholic and overeat 3 obstruct of main pancreatic duct 4 diseases round the duodenum/ampullary region 5 postoperative pancreatitis and pancreatic trauma

PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(3) 6 infectious agents 7 medications: corticosteroids, estrogens 8 disorders of endocrinology and metabol ism: hyperparathyroidism, hyperlipidemia 9 others

7 PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(3) 6 infectious agents 7 medications: corticosteroids, estrogens 8 disorders of endocrinology and metabol￾ism: hyperparathyroidism, hyperlipidemia 9 others:

PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(4) 6 inflammatory media theory In AP, the leukocytes that appear first in areas of inflammation are neutrophils, then macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes and other cells. These cells can secrete a lot of inflammatory media (1)platelet activating factor, PAF 2)prostaglandins, PGs

8 PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(4) 6 inflammatory media theory In AP, the leukocytes that appear first in areas of inflammation are neutrophils, then macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, and other cells. These cells can secrete a lot of inflammatory media. (1) platelet activating factor, PAF (2)prostaglandins, PGs

PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(5) (3)leukotriens, LTS (4) kallikrein kinin systems, KKs (5)tumor necrosis factor-a, TNF-a (6)nitrogen monoxide, NO (7)complements 8)others: nuclear factor KB(NF-KB), toll like receptors(TLRs)

9 PATHOGENY AND PATHOGENESIS(5) (3) leukotriens, LTs (4) kallikrein kinin systems, KKS (5) tumor necrosis factor-, TNF-  (6) nitrogen monoxide, NO (7) complements (8) others: nuclear factor B(NF- B), toll like receptors(TLRs)

DIAGNOSIS(1) Clinical characteristics 1 abdominal pain 2 fever 3 nausea and vomiting

10 DIAGNOSIS(1) • Clinical characteristics 1 abdominal pain 2 fever 3 nausea and vomiting