物理与光电工程学院：《大学物理》课程PPT教学课件（讲稿，英文第三版）Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 电磁学 (Electromagnetism) TThe combination of electrical and magnetic phenomena

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 电磁学 (Electromagnetism) The combination of electrical and magnetic phenomena

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 宗合 物理学的第二次大综 库仑定律:电荷与电荷间的相互作用 奥斯特的发现:电流的磁效应,安培发现电流与电流 间的相互作用规律 法拉第的电磁感应定律:电磁一体 麦克斯韦电磁场统一理论(19世纪中叶) 赫兹在实验中证实电磁波的存在,光是电磁波 技术上的重要意义:发电机、电动机、无线电技术等

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 物理学的第二次大综合 法拉第的电磁感应定律：电磁一体 麦克斯韦电磁场统一理论（19世纪中叶） 赫兹在实验中证实电磁波的存在，光是电磁波. 技术上的重要意义：发电机、电动机、无线电技术等. 库仑定律： 电荷与电荷间的相互作用 奥斯特的发现： 电流的磁效应，安培发现电流与电流 间的相互作用规律

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric field Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation: Insulators and conductors. Induced Charge 2. Coulomb's Law 3. The Electric Field and its calculations 4 Electric Field and conductors 5. Electric Dipoles

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 1. Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation; Insulators and Conductors; Induced Charge 2. Coulomb’s Law 3. The Electric Field and its Calculations 4. Electric Field and Conductors 5. Electric Dipoles

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field New Words and expressions static charge 静电荷 quantized 量子化的 elementary charge 基本电荷 conductor 导体 insulator 绝缘体 induce 感应 Coulomb 库仑 pe oint charge 点电荷 permittivity of free space 真空电容率 electric field 静电场 test charge 试验电荷 electric dipole 电偶极子

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field New Words and Expressions static charge 静电荷 quantized 量子化的 elementary charge 基本电荷 conductor 导体 insulator 绝缘体 induce 感应 Coulomb 库仑 point charge 点电荷 permittivity of free space 真空电容率 electric field 静电场 test charge 试验电荷 electric dipole 电偶极子

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 19-1819-2819-3819-4. Electric Charge and Its Conservation: Insulators and conductors Induced Charge (P456-460 I Static electricity Rub a plastic ruler(a and bring it close(b) to some tiny pieces of paper

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Rub a plastic ruler (a) and bring it close (b) to some tiny pieces of paper. 19-1&19-2&19-3&19-4. Electric Charge and Its Conservation; Insulators and conductors; Induced Charge (P456-460) 1 Static electricity

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field l. Electric charge(电荷) It is an intrinsic character of the fundamental particles making up those objects 个物体能够吸引轻微的物体,这个物体就带有 电荷,也称带电体 It can be either positive or negative. Charges with the same sign repel each other and charges with opposite signs attract each other. That is: unlike charges attract, like charges repel(同号相斥,异号相吸).p457

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 1. Electric charge (电荷) It is an intrinsic character of the fundamental particles making up those objects. It can be either positive or negative. Charges with the same sign repel each other and charges with opposite signs attract each other. That is: unlike charges attract, like charges repel (同号相斥, 异号相吸). p457 一个物体能够吸引轻微的物体，这个物体就带有 电荷，也称带电体

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 2. Law of conservation of electric charge(p457) The net amount of electric charge produced in any process Is zero. 3. The sI unit of charge is the Coulomb. (p461) The si unit of charge is the coulomb(c). 4. Electric charge is quantized(p461) g=nel, where n is a positive or negative integer, and e is a constant of nature called the elementary charge(基本电荷).1|l=1.60×1019C 物体带电量都是基本电荷的整数倍。电荷的这种特 性叫电荷的量子性( quantized)

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field The net amount of electric charge produced in any process is zero. 3. The SI unit of charge is the Coulomb. (p461) The SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C). 2. Law of conservation of electric charge (p457) 4. Electric charge is quantized (p461) q=n|e| , where n is a positive or negative integer, and e is a constant of nature called the elementary charge (基本电荷). 1|e|=1.60×10-19C. 物体带电量都是基本电荷的整数倍。电荷的这种特 性叫电荷的量子性(quantized)

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 5. Conductors and Insulators(p458) Conductors are materials in which some of negative charge can move freel nonconductors (insulators) semiconductors, superconductors 6. The methods to get electric charges p459-460 1) Charged due to rubbing(摩擦起电) 电荷从一个物体,转移到另一个物体

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field Conductors are materials in which some of negative charge can move freely. 5. Conductors and Insulators(p458) nonconductors（insulators）， semiconductors， superconductors 6. The methods to get electric charges p459-460 电荷从一个物体，转移到另一个物体。 1) Charged due to rubbing (摩擦起电)

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 2) Induced Charge(感应起电) A positively charged object is brought close to a neutral Neutral metal rod metal rod Charges move and leave a positive charge at the opposite end metal rod still neutral. but with a separation of charge It is said to be induced感应. 6006+

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 2) Induced Charge (感应起电) A positively charged object is brought close to a neutral metal rod. Neutral metal rod metal rod still neutral, but with a separation of charge Charges move and leave a positive charge at the opposite end. It is said to be induced (感应)

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field KaS19-5. Coulomb's Law (P460-P464) ok 库仑(C.A,Cou1omb 1736-1806)

Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric Field 19-5. Coulomb's Law (P460-P464)