物理与光电工程学院：《大学物理》课程PPT教学课件（讲稿，英文第三版）Chapter 22 Conductor Dielectrics. ElectricEnergy Storage

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage Chapter 22 Conductor. Dielectrics. Electric Energy Storage Capacitance Dielectrics Energy Stored in an Electric Field

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage Chapter 22 Conductor, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage • Capacitance • Dielectrics • Energy Stored in an Electric Field

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage New words and expressions capacitance 电容 capacitor(condenser) 电容器 dielectric 电介质 farad 法拉 series 串联 parallel 并联 bound charges 束缚电荷 polarization 极化 electric displacement 电位移矢量 orientation polarization 位移极化 displacement polarization 取向极化

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage New words and expressions capacitance 电容 capacitor (condenser) 电容器 dielectric 电介质 farad 法拉 series 串联 parallel 并联 bound charges 束缚电荷 polarization 极化 electric displacement 电位移矢量 orientation polarization 位移极化 displacement polarization 取向极化

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 22-1 Capacitor(condenser) P525-526 1. The Definition of Capacitor Capacitor two conductors(separated by an insulator)with equal and opposite charges +Q Two conductors called plates(极板 2. Symbol of Capacitors

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 22-1. Capacitor(condenser) P525-526 a +Q b -Q Capacitor: two conductors (separated by an insulator) with equal and opposite charges . Two conductors called plates（极板）. 1. The Definition of Capacitor 2. Symbol of Capacitors

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 3. The use of capacitors 电容器是一储能元件( Storehouses for potential energy)

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 3. The use of capacitors 电容器是一储能元件 (Storehouses for potential energy) 纸质电容器 陶瓷电容器 电解电容器 钽电容器 可变电容器

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage apacitors are widely used in electronIc circuits Store charges: camera flash; computer if power fails; part of tuner of a radio, sever as memory in RAM, key on keyboard Ke y Movable plate apacitor Insulator (flexible) Fixed plate

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits: Store charges: camera flash; computer if power fails; part of tuner of a radio, sever as memory in RAM, key on keyboard

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 22-2 Capacitance P526-529 1. Definition of capacitance of isolated conductors 电荷q2q3q4q ng ++ 电势v2v3v4v….ny O/V=const q C

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 22-2. Capacitance P526-529 1. Definition of capacitance of isolated conductors + + + + + + + + +Q V 电荷 电势 q V 3q 3v 2q 2v 4q 4v nq nv …. …. v q Q /V = const V Q C =

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage The capacitance is a measure of how much charge must be put on the plates to produce a certain v between them: The greater the capacitance, the more charge is required. Its value(固有容电本领) depends only on the geometry(几何因素) of plates, dielectric propert!y and not on their e or v. The value of capacitance depends only on the size, shape and relative position of the two conductors, also on the material that separates them

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage The value of capacitance depends only on the size, shape and relative position of the two conductors, also on the material that separates them. The capacitance is a measure of how much charge must be put on the plates to produce a certain V between them: The greater the capacitance, the more charge is required. Its value (固有容电本领) depends only on the geometry (几何因素) of plates, dielectric property and not on their Q or V

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 2. Unit of capacitance SUnit: coulomb per volt farad(F)(法拉) 1微法(μF)=106F 1皮法(pF)=106μF=1012F 3. The capacitance of an isolated conducting sphere FOR 41E。R R

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 2. Unit of capacitance R R Q Q V Q C 0 0 4π 4π   = = = R Q 3. The capacitance of an isolated conducting sphere 1微法（F）=10-6F 1皮法（pF）= 10-6  F = 10-12 F SI unit: coulomb per volt farad (F) (法拉)

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 4. The capacitance of capacitors(电容器的电容量) 孤立导体的电容很小,用它作电容器不适合。用 两个导体组成的电容器可实现较大的电容。 电容器电容 g oc AB g=cU AB Q C B AB B

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 4. The capacitance of capacitors (电容器的电容量） 孤立导体的电容很小，用它作电容器不适合。用 两个导体组成的电容器可实现较大的电容。 电容器电容 A B U AB Q U U Q C = - = VB VA -Q + Q q UAB q = CUAB

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 实际中屏蔽不一定要求很高故在工艺上用两无限大 平板代替AB导体。 绝缘纸 C 金色铂 Insulator Two plates are rolled into the form of a cylinder with paper or other insulator separating the plates

Chapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 实际中屏蔽不一定要求很高故在工艺上用两无限大 平板代替AB导体。 绝缘纸 金色铂 C Two plates are rolled into the form of a cylinder with paper or other insulator separating the plates