上海交通大学：《中级财务会计》课程教学资源（PPT课件）ch02 Concepts Underlying Financial Accounting

Concepts Underlying Financial Accounting DONALD E.KIESO JERRY J.WEYGANDT TERRY D.WARFIELD I Chapter 2 Intermediate Accounting Intermediate Accounting 12th Edition Kieso,Weygandt,and Warfield Chapter 2-1

Chapter 2-1 Intermediate Accounting 12th Edition Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield

Chapter 2 Learning Objectives 1.Describe the usefulness of a conceptual framework. 2.Describe the FASB's efforts to construct a conceptual framework. 3.Understand the objectives of financial reporting. 4.Identify the qualitative characteristics of accounting information. 5.Define the basic elements of financial statements. 6.Describe the basic assumptions of accounting. 7.Explain the application of the basic principles of accounting. 8.Describe the impact that constraints have on reporting accounting information. Chapter 2-2

Chapter 2-2

Conceptual Framework First Level: Second Level: Conceptual Third Level: Basic Fundamental Recognition and Framework Objectives Concepts Measurement 0 Need 0 Qualitative 0 Basic 0 Development characteristics assumptions o Basic elements Basic principles Constraints Chapter 2-3

Chapter 2-3

Conceptual Framework The Need for a Conceptual Framework o To develop a coherent set of standards and rules To solve new and emerging practical problems Chapter 2-4 LO 1 Describe the usefulness of a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-4 The Need for a Conceptual Framework To develop a coherent set of standards and rules To solve new and emerging practical problems

Conceptual Framework Review: A conceptual framework underlying financial accounting is important because it can lead to consistent standards and it prescribes the nature,function,and limits of financial accounting and financial statements. True Chapter 2-5 LO 1 Describe the usefulness of a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-5

Conceptual Framework Review: A conceptual framework underlying financial accounting is necessary because future accounting practice problems can be solved by reference to the conceptual framework and a formal standard-setting body will not be necessary. False Chapter 2-6 LO 1 Describe the usefulness of a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-6

Development of Conceptual Framework The FASB has issued six Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts(SFAC)for business enterprises. SFAC No.1-Objectives of Financial Reporting SFAC No.2-Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Information SFAC No.3-Elements of Financial Statements(superceded by SFAC No.6) SFAC No.4-Nonbusiness Organizations SFAC No.5-Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements SFAC No.6-Elements of Financial Statements(replaces SFAC No.3) SFAC No.7-Using Cash Flow Information and Present Value in Accounting Measurements Chapter 2-7 LO 2 Describe the FASB's efforts to construct a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-7 The FASB has issued six Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts (SFAC) for business enterprises. SFAC No.1 - Objectives of Financial Reporting SFAC No.2 - Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Information SFAC No.3 - Elements of Financial Statements (superceded by SFAC No. 6) SFAC No.4 - Nonbusiness Organizations SFAC No.5 - Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements SFAC No.6 - Elements of Financial Statements (replaces SFAC No. 3) SFAC No.7 - Using Cash Flow Information and Present Value in Accounting Measurements

Conceptual Framework The Framework is comprised of three levels: First Level Basic Ob.jectives Second Level Qualitative Characteristics and Basic Elements Third Level Recognition and Measurement Concepts. Chapter 2-8 LO 2 Describe the FASB's efforts to construct a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-8 The Framework is comprised of three levels: First Level = Basic Objectives Second Level = Qualitative Characteristics and Basic Elements Third Level = Recognition and Measurement Concepts

ASSUMPTIONS PRINCIPLES CONSTRAINTS 1.Economic entity 1.Historical cost 1.Cost-benefit 2.Going concern 2.Revenue recognition 2.Materiality Third 3.Monetary unit 3.Matching 3.Industry practice level 4.Periodicity 4.Full disclosure 4.Conservatism QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS ELEMENTS Relevance Assets,Liabilities,and Equity Reliability Investments by owners Distribution to owners Second level Comparability Comprehensive income Revenues and Expenses Consistency Gains and Losses Illustration 2-6 Conceptual OBJECTIVES Framework for 1.Useful in investment Financial and credit decisions 2.Useful in assessing Reporting future cash flows First level 3.About enterprise resources,claims to resources,and changes in them LO 2 Describe the FASB's Chapter efforts to construct a 2-9 conceptual framework

Chapter 2-9 Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting First level Second level Third level

Conceptual Framework Review: What are the Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts intended to establish? a. Generally accepted accounting principles in financial reporting by business enterprises. b. The meaning of "Present fairly in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles." The objectives and concepts for use in developing standards of financial accounting and reporting. d.The hierarchy of sources of generally accepted accounting principles. (CPA adapted) Chapter 2-10 LO 2 Describe the FASB's efforts to construct a conceptual framework

Chapter 2-10