《IPv6技术培训》_3 - IPv6协议最近进展

IVe IPv6 Protocol Latest Developments Robert m hinden Chief Internet Technologist Nokia 1 NOKIA 2003 "IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

1 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden IPv6 Protocol Latest Developments Robert M. Hinden Chief Internet Technologist Nokia

IVe HE INTERNET MODEL End-to-End Communication Applications Intelligence in Hosts Simple/ Fast forwarding in Routers Transport All Services run over iP P IP runs over Everything Internet's success based on Link and Simple Powerful Architecture Easy to deploy new Applications Physical layer Technology Evolution 2 @NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

2 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden THE INTERNET MODEL Transport Applications Link and Physical Layer • End-to-End Communication • Intelligence in Hosts • Simple / Fast forwarding in Routers • All Services run over IP • IP runs over Everything • Internet’s Success based on • Simple Powerful Architecture • Easy to deploy new Applications • Technology Evolution IP

A VIEW OF (FY B INTERNET HISTORY 1970’s Arpanet /Internet Technology Invented 1980s Research/Non-Commercial Internet Service 1990’s The Web and the Internet Everywhere 2000’s The Wireless Internet 3 @ NOKIA 2003"Pv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

3 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden A VIEW OF INTERNET HISTORY • 1970’s • Arpanet / Internet Technology Invented • 1980’s • Research / Non-Commercial Internet Service • 1990’s • The Web and the Internet Everywhere • 2000’s • The Wireless Internet

IVe THE NEED FOR IPV6 The Internet has been a great success Success creates problems IPv4 is running out of global IP Addresses Addresses are currently being rationed Network Address Translation(NAT)has extended the life of ipya, but Breaks Internet End-to-End model Inhibits new applications Barrier to mobile p communication Mobile phones without phone numbers? 4 @NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol- Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

4 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden THE NEED FOR IPv6 • The Internet has been a great Success! • Success creates problems • IPv4 is running out of Global IP Addresses • Addresses are currently being rationed • Network Address Translation (NAT) has extended the life of IPv4, but: • Breaks Internet End-to-End model • Inhibits new applications • Barrier to mobile IP communication Mobile Phones without phone numbers?

NETWORK ADDRESS IVe TRANSLATION Users Services Private IPv4 Public ipv4 Addressing NAT Internet Users Services 5 NOKIA 2003 "IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

5 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden IPv4 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION Public IPv4 Internet Users Services Users Services NAT Private IPv4 Addressing

SIA IPV4 ADDRESS IVe ALLOCATIONS Currently Allocated China -29.4 Million India 2.6 Million Thailand 1.7 Million Other Legacy Allocations(minimum) MIT 17 Million . IBM C33 Million Genuity /BBN 51 million US Government c168 Million UK Government 33 Million March 2003 6 @ NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

6 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden ASIA IPv4 ADDRESS ALLOCATIONS * March 2003 • Currently Allocated * • China ~29.4 Million • India ~ 2.6 Million • Thailand ~ 1.7 Million • Other Legacy Allocations (minimum) • MIT ~17 Million • IBM ~33 Million • Genuity / BBN ~51 Million • US Government ~168 Million • UK Government ~33 Million

1∽4 UNICAST ADDRESS ALLOCATION PER REGION 1,292,149,461 口 North america 口 South america 口Eu 口Asia 1,897,225,043 ■ Middle east 口 Oceania 口 Africa 15,334400 口 Unassigned 26.765.056 6.659.072 176,636,816 291.659,776 Rir databases as of march 2003 17980,744 7 @NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

7 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden IPv4 UNICAST ADDRESS ALLOCATION PER REGION RIR databases as of March 2003 1,897,225, 043 17, 980, 744 291,659,776 176,636,816 6,659,072 26, 765, 056 15, 334, 400 1,292,149,461 North A m eric a S outh A m eric a Euro p e Asia Mi d dle E a st O c eani a Afric a U n assi g ned

IVe APPLICATIONS Internet End-to-End Model New application can be deployed without changing he network Today's Internet Network Address Translators(NAT)inhibit the deployment of new applications Freezes internet applications at -1995 Work arounds possible, but expensive and fragile IPv6 allows new types of applications to be deployed Servers everywhere Peer-to-Peer Applications 8 @ NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

8 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden APPLICATIONS • Internet End-to-End Model • New application can be deployed without changing the network • Today’s Internet • Network Address Translators (NAT) inhibit the deployment of new applications • Freezes internet applications at ~1995 • Work arounds possible, but expensive and fragile • IPv6 allows new types of applications to be deployed • Servers everywhere • Peer-to-Peer Applications

IPvD DUSINESS MOTIVATION New Applications sell products It was a new application( the World Wide Web)that caused the Internet to happen in 1992-1996 New Applications drive Internet Growth New and expanded infrastructure needed to support more traffic and more users If someone asks, Why do we need Pv6? Tell them"It's the applications 9 @ NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol-Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

9 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden BUSINESS MOTIVATION • New Applications sell products! • It was a new application (the World Wide Web) that caused the Internet to happen in 1992-1996 • New Applications drive Internet Growth • New and expanded infrastructure needed to support more traffic and more users • If someone asks, Why do we need IPv6? • Tell them “It’s the applications

IVe IPV6 FEATURES Larger 128-bit Hierarchical Addresses Supports Much Larger Internet Allows Embedded ieEE 802 MAC Addresses for Auto-Configuration Auto Confiquration Incremental Deployment Other Enables End-to-End Security(IPSEC)via Global Addresses Efficient general header compression Improved Mobile IP support 10 NOKIA 2003"IPv6 Protocol -Latest Developments"/28 March 2003/R Hinden N口KA

10 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments” / 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden IPv6 FEATURES • Larger 128-bit Hierarchical Addresses • Supports Much Larger Internet • Allows Embedded IEEE 802 MAC Addresses for Auto-Configuration • Auto Configuration • Incremental Deployment • Other • Enables End-to-End Security (IPSEC) via Global Addresses • Efficient general header compression • Improved Mobile IP support