山东大学：《物理化学》课程教学资源（讲义资料）8.6 Dispersion system-for students

88.6 Classification of dispersion system

§8.6 Classification of dispersion system

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.1 Grahams experimental observation Fig.1— Hoop Dialyser Thomas Graham(Dec 20, 1805-Sep 16, 1869)was a Scottish chemist regarded as the father of colloid chemistry

8.6.1 Graham’s experimental observation Thomas Graham (Dec. 20, 1805 – Sep. 16, 1869) was a Scottish chemist regarded as the father of colloid chemistry. §8.6 Classification of dispersion system

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.1 Graham's experimental observation TABLE I--Diffusion of 10 per cent solutions(10 grammes of substance in 100 cub. cen of fluid) into pure water, after fourteen days, at 10(50 FAHR). (from abore downward )./Chloride of sodi Number uf stratum Gu. Tannin 104 1234 567898】g3 1·731 9999 10003 9·999 9997 Approximate times of equal difusion Hydrochloric acid Chloride of sodium 1277 33 Albumen(蛋白 Sulphate of magnesia Albumen 49 Caramel(饴糖) Caramel,,,,.... .,,98

8.6.1 Graham’s experimental observation §8.6 Classification of dispersion system Albumen (蛋白) Caramel（饴糖）

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.2 Definition of colloids kinds p Diffusion Semi-permeable membrane Crystalloids salt, sugar rapid Permeable Colloids protein, Fe(OH)slow Non-permeable Fundamental concepts Colloids, sol, gel, peptization, dialysis

kinds samples Diffusion Semi-permeable membrane Crystalloids salt, sugar rapid Permeable Colloids protein, Fe(OH)3 slow Non-permeable Colloids, sol, gel, peptization, dialysis. Fundamental concepts 8.6.2 Definition of colloids §8.6 Classification of dispersion system

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.2 Definition of colloids Lyophilic sols: Lyophobic sols: The colloidal particles interact strongly The colloidal particles and th ith the dispersion medium Solution of dispersion medium has no tendency to macromolecules(not“true” solution?) interact. Silica sol, Fe(OH)3 sol

Lyophilic sols: The colloidal particles interact strongly with the dispersion medium. Solution of macromolecules (not “true” solution?) Lyophobic sols: The colloidal particles and the dispersion medium has no tendency to interact. Silica sol, Fe(OH)3 sol. 8.6.2 Definition of colloids §8.6 Classification of dispersion system

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.2 Definition of colloids 1907, Banmaph precipitation 1908, Weimarn: Ba(CNS)2+ Mgso4: e concentration 10-4c10-5 mol dm-3. sol 102210-'mol dm-3, precipitation, crystalline solid 2-3 mol dm-3, gel

10-4 ~ 10-5 mol dm-3 , sol; 10-2 ~ 10-1 mol dm-3 , precipitation, crystalline solid 2~3 mol dm-3 , gel 1908, Weimarn: Ba(CNS)2 + MgSO4 : 1907, BanmapH sol gel precipitation concentration diameter 8.6.2 Definition of colloids §8.6 Classification of dispersion system

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system: (1)Definition: One or several substances disperse in another substance serving as medium Domain Continuous phase: dispersed phase dispersion medium

(1) Definition: One or several substances disperse in another substance serving as medium. Domain: dispersed phase Continuous phase: dispersion medium §8.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system:

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system: (2)Classification of dispersion systems According to the size of dispersed phase Atom name Phase number uniformity number 10 Coarse dispersion multiphase nonuniform Discuss the energy of highly dispersed system(of nano-scale): colloidal system

According to the size of dispersed phase r / m Atom number name Phase number uniformity 109 Coarse dispersion multiphase nonuniform (2) Classification of dispersion systems Discuss the energy of highly dispersed system (of nano-scale): colloidal system ! §8.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system:

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system (2)Classification of dispersion systems according to state Dispersion medium Dispersed phase name Examples uI Liquid aerosol Fog, liquid sprays Solid Solid aerosolSmoke,dust Gas foam Whipped cream quId Liquid Emulsion Milk solid SOI paint, mud gas solid foam expanded ps qui ge jellies, opal SolId solid Solid suspension colored glass, smoky crystal You can find examples for all these types on our course website

Dispersion medium Dispersed phase name Examples Gas liquid Liquid aerosol Fog, liquid sprays Solid Solid aerosol Smoke, dust liquid Gas foam Whipped cream Liquid Emulsion Milk solid sol paint, mud solid gas solid foam expanded PS liquid gel jellies, opal solid Solid suspension colored glass, smoky crystal according to state You can find examples for all these types on our course website! (2) Classification of dispersion systems §8.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system:

88.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system: Some typical examples

§8.6 Classification of dispersion system 8.6.3 Dispersion system: Some typical examples