上海交通大学：《物理异想》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）Ch05 原子的秘密

1 Pierre Curie (1859-1906) Wladystaw Sktodowski with daughters (from left) Maria,Bronislawa, Kazimierz Zorawski (1866-1953) Helena,1890 交摄大壁李威截 2012物理果想

1 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 Władysław Skłodowski with daughters (from left) Maria, Bronisława, Helena, 1890 Kazimierz Żorawski (1866 – 1953) Pierre Curie (1859 – 1906)

2 Pierre and Marie Curie shortly after their wedding, 1895 交摄大厚李威藏 2012物理果想

2 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 Pierre and Marie Curie shortly after their wedding, 1895

3 Marie Curie und ihr Ehemann Pierre in ihrem Pariser Laboratorium bis 1906 Marie_et_Pierre_Curie.Paris.1900. Madame Curie（1943電影) 226Ra Rn 2He 交摄大壁李威截 2012物理興想

3 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 Marie_et_Pierre_Curie.Paris.1900. Madame Curie ( 1943 電影 )

4 At First Solvay Conference(1911),Curie(seated,2nd from right)confers with Henri Poincare.Standing,4th from right,is Rutherford;2nd from right,Einstein;far right, Paul Langevin. 交摄大壁李威截 2012物理果想 1911 Marie Curie獲得第二個諾貝爾獎

4 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 1911 Marie Curie 獲得第二個諾貝爾獎 At First Solvay Conference (1911), Curie (seated, 2nd from right) confers with Henri Poincaré. Standing, 4th from right, is Rutherford; 2nd from right, Einstein; far right, Paul Langevin

5 ·EXCELSIOR loumal lllustn Quotidicn k2i3oh Paul Langevin (1872-1946) 1911/1巴黎報紙頭版 交摄大擎李威熊 2012物理興想

5 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 Paul Langevin (1872 – 1946) 1911/1 巴黎報紙頭版

6 (1920) (1867-1934) Kazimierz Zorawski (1866-1953) This is an approximately life-size statue of Maria Sklodowska-Curie (1867-1934),sculpted by Ludwika Nitschowa,erected in 1935 in a Warsaw park at ulica Wawelska and ulica Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie. The statue faces the Radium Institute that she had established in 1932. 交摄大壁李威截 2012物理果想

6 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 ( 1920 ) (1867 – 1934) This is an approximately life-size statue of Maria Skłodowska-Curie (1867-1934), sculpted by Ludwika Nitschowa, erected in 1935 in a Warsaw park at ulica Wawelska and ulica Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie. The statue faces the Radium Institute that she had established in 1932. Kazimierz Żorawski (1866 – 1953)

7 Helene Langevin-Joliot (1927~) 交摄大擎李威截 2012物理果想

7 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 Hélène Langevin-Joliot (1927 ~ )

原子模型 Atomic Model 有了正確的原子模型，才會發明了雷射

8 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 原子模型 Atomic Model 有了正確的原子模型，才會發明了雷射

9 原子結構中的電子是如何被發現的？ 1897年： High voltage Negatively Dr.J.J.Thompson won the 1906 charged plate Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the conductivity of electnicity by gases (1856-1940) Cathode To vacuum Positively Anode pump charged plate J.J.Thomson with the tube used to identify electrons at Cambridge. C Science Museum/Science Society Picture Library 可以參考美國物理學會(American Institute of Physics)網站 For in-depth information,check out the American Institute of Physics' History Center exhibit on the discovery of the electron at http://www.aip.org/history/electron/ 交摄大擎李威截 2012物理興想

9 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 ( 1856 – 1940 ) 原子結構中的電子是如何被發現的 ? 1897年 : 可以參考美國物理學會 ( American Institute of Physics ) 網站 For in-depth information, check out the American Institute of Physics' History Center exhibit on the discovery of the electron at http://www.aip.org/history/electron/ J.J. Thomson with the tube used to identify electrons at Cambridge. © Science Museum/Science & Society Picture Library

10 西瓜模型(Plum Pudding Model) ·byJ.J.Thompson Plum Pudding model 西瓜模型： 000 带負電的西瓜子 (鼋子) 000o000 000 000 000 000 000 positively charged 00 0 0o0g0 atomic size pudding 0000 K一-A\ 带正電的西瓜肉 Uniformly distributed positive charge +2 +2 +2 Helium atom.He Helium ion.He* Helium ion,He2 2012物理興想 交通大学字赋厨

10 交通大學 李威儀 2012 物理異想 西瓜模型 ( Plum Pudding Model ) • by J. J. Thompson 帶負電的西瓜子 ( 電子 ) 帶正電的西瓜肉 西瓜模型 : negatively charged plum ( electron ) atomic size ~ Å positively charged pudding Plum Pudding model