哈尔滨医科大学：《医学微生物学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）真菌的基本性状

Medical Microbiology Department of Microbiology, HMU DHfffenep

Medical Microbiology Department of Microbiology, HMU

第5章真菌的基本性状 Mycology Dr Hong-Xi Gu Department of Microbiology Harbin Medical University

Mycology Dr. Hong-Xi Gu Department of Microbiology Harbin Medical University 第5章 真菌的基本性状

问题 ■什么是真菌?包括哪些类型? ■真菌的形态与结构 ◆单细胞真菌多细胞真菌菌丝孢子 真菌的培养特性 ◆菌落形态 ◆繁殖方式 抵抗特性

问题 ◼ 什么是真菌？包括哪些类型？ ◼ 真菌的形态与结构 ◆单细胞真菌 多细胞真菌 菌丝 孢子 ◼ 真菌的培养特性 ◆菌落形态 ◆繁殖方式 ◼ 抵抗特性

Classification Chromista Plantae EUKARYOTA Animalia Myroeyoou Pbt ctooeags Eumycota Eubacteria UoN Entercbecerua CoAds PROKARYOTA --Archaebacteria Based on molecular evidence. base sequences from -ribosomal RNA(Patterson Sogin 1992)

Classification Based on molecular evidence: base sequences from ribosomal RNA (Patterson & Sogin 1992)

Taxonomy Kingdom: EUMYCOTA Phylum: Dikaryomycota Subphylum: Basidiomycotina Class: Homobasidiomycetes Order: Agaricales Family: Agaricaceae Genus: Agaricus Species: Agaricus brunnescens the edible mushroom

Taxonomy Kingdom: EUMYCOTA Phylum: Dikaryomycota Subphylum: Basidiomycotina Class: Holobasidiomycetes Order: Agaricales Family: Agaricaceae Genus: Agaricus Species: Agaricus brunnescens - the edible mushroom

真菌( fungus) ■真核细胞型微生物 ■主要特征 ◆具有典型的细胞核及完善的细胞器,不含叶绿 素( chlorophyl),无根、茎、叶的分化 ◆以寄生或腐生方式生存,进行无性或有性繁殖 ◆大多数为多细胞,少数为单细胞

真菌（fungus） ◼ 真核细胞型微生物 ◼ 主要特征 ◆具有典型的细胞核及完善的细胞器，不含叶绿 素（chlorophyll），无根、茎、叶的分化 ◆以寄生或腐生方式生存，进行无性或有性繁殖 ◆大多数为多细胞，少数为单细胞

There are between 100.000to200.000 species depending on how they are classified ■ About300 species are presently known/4 to be pathogenic for man

◼ There are between 100,000 to 200,000 species depending on how they are classified ◼ About 300 species are presently known to be pathogenic for man

真菌界 粘菌门 真菌门 ◆鞭毛菌亚门 ◆接合菌亚门:条件致病菌 ◆子囊菌亚门:毛癣菌、酵母菌 ◆担子菌亚门:食用菌(蘑菇、灵芝),隐球菌 半知菌亚门:白色念球菌 ■最新分类把粘菌并入真菌门,取消粘菌门

真菌界 ◼ 粘菌门 ◼ 真菌门 ◆鞭毛菌亚门 ◆接合菌亚门：条件致病菌 ◆子囊菌亚门：毛癣菌、酵母菌 ◆担子菌亚门：食用菌（蘑菇、灵芝），隐球菌 ◆半知菌亚门：白色念球菌 ◼ 最新分类把粘菌并入真菌门，取消粘菌门

Medically important fungi Includes 4 phyla Ascomycota(子囊菌门)- Sexual reproduction in a sack called an ascus with the production of ascopspores Basidiomycota(担子菌门) -Sexual reproduction in a sack called a basidium with the production of basidiospores Zygomycota(接合菌门)- sexual reproduction by gametes and asexual reproduction with the formation of zygospores Mitosporic Fungi( Fungi Imperfecti,半知菌门)-no recognizable form of sexual reproduction. Includes most pathogenic g

Medically important fungi Includes 4 phyla ◼ Ascomycota（子囊菌门）- Sexual reproduction in a sack called an ascus with the production of ascopspores. ◼ Basidiomycota（担子菌门）-Sexual reproduction in a sack called a basidium with the production of basidiospores. ◼ Zygomycota（接合菌门） - sexual reproduction by gametes and asexual reproduction with the formation of zygospores. ◼ Mitosporic Fungi（Fungi Imperfecti，半知菌门） - no recognizable form of sexual reproduction. Includes most pathogenic fungi

接合菌( Zygomycotina Co. mella collapsed columella sporangiophore spotargiopaotes 0。 rm20ds A: Rhizopus stolonifer Thamnidium vegans

接合菌（Zygomycotina）