《中国文化概论》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Survey of Classic Chinese Culture（下）

CHAPTER 9 A Sumptuous Architecture Treasure A Panorama of ancient Chinese architecture

CHAPTER 9 A Sumptuous Architecture Treasure ----- A Panorama of Ancient Chinese Architecture

a Human involvement in architecture has been enduring from the Neolithic Age to the present day in the long run Over millenniums of the Paleolithic Age, human ancestors lived on hunting, fishery, and nomadism, and were compelled to linger in trees and caves in search of the shelter from natural disasters and beasts' assaults Toward the arrival of the Neolithic Age man learned to engage in stock raising and farming, and settled down by digging caves and building up simple residence with twigs and lumber, thus commencing their architectural creation

 Human involvement in architecture has been enduring from the Neolithic Age to the present day in the long run. Over millenniums of the Paleolithic Age，human ancestors lived on hunting，fishery，and nomadism, and were compelled to linger in trees and caves in search of the shelter from natural disasters and beasts’ assaults. Toward the arrival of the Neolithic Age man learned to engage in stock raising and farming, and settled down by digging caves and building up simple residence with twigs and lumber, thus commencing their architectural creation

During over 3, 000-year course of the feudalist society Chinese ancient architecture had gradually formulated its unique system coupled with a considerable progress respecting urban planning, gardening, civil housing and construction technique In 221 BC having leveled to ground the neighboring six kingdoms the First Emperor of Chin established the first united feudal empire in China, whereupon mobilizing as full resources as possible in his domain to embark upon a massive-scale construction campaign. In the listing of high- prestige buildings are enrolled such as the A'fang Palace, the imperial mausoleums,the Great wall and Dujiangyan water-conservancy project, succeeded by a hoard of immortal masterpieces in various dynasties

During over 3, 000-year course of the feudalist society Chinese ancient architecture had gradually formulated its unique system coupled with a considerable progress respecting urban planning, gardening, civil housing and construction technique. In 221 B.C having leveled to ground the neighboring six kingdoms the First Emperor of Chin established the first united feudal empire in China, whereupon mobilizing as full resources as possible in his domain to embark upon a massive-scale construction campaign. In the listing of high￾prestige buildings are enrolled such as the A’fang Palace, the imperial mausoleums, the Great wall and Dujiangyan water-conservancy project, succeeded by a hoard of immortal masterpieces in various dynasties

I Sequence of Chinese Ancient Architecture Chinese architecture has approximately coursed through the following phases

I. Sequence of Chinese Ancient Architecture Chinese architecture has approximately coursed through the following phases:

The primitive period and the Chin Dynasty (before 200 B. C)was deficient in both historical literature and tangible evidence though scores of the ruins of the city states and imperial palaces have been confirmed yet they are on the verge of further archeological excavation

 The primitive period and the Chin Dynasty (before 200 B.C) was deficient in both historical literature and tangible evidence; though scores of the ruins of the city states and imperial palaces have been confirmed yet they are on the verge of further archeological excavation

The Western-Eastern Han Dynasties(204 BC-220 A D)survived over four hundred years, a thriving era in architectural undertakings, when there remained an abundance of historical records hereof and the relics unearthed such as coffin chambers and aisles, which exhibit a glimpse of the frameworks

 The Western-Eastern Han Dynasties (204 B.C-220 A.D) survived over four hundred years, a thriving era in architectural undertakings, when there remained an abundance of historical records hereof and the relics unearthed such as coffin chambers and aisles, which exhibit a glimpse of the frameworks

The Wei-Jin-Southern-Northern Dynasties (220-590) beheld a rampant construction campaign of palaces and Buddhist abbeys thanks to the gigantic impetus of the exuberating Buddhism. As regards technical process, " Greco-Buddhist style, a substitute for Han style, was absorbed into decorative threads and engravings of flowers and trees, birds, beasts and human figurines remarkable accomplishments were achieved in rock grottoes, Buddhist pagodas and imperial mausoleums

 The Wei-Jin-Southern-Northern Dynasties (220-590) beheld a rampant construction campaign of palaces and Buddhist abbeys thanks to the gigantic impetus of the exuberating Buddhism. As regards technical process, “Greco-Buddhist style”, a substitute for Han style, was absorbed into decorative threads and engravings of flowers and trees, birds, beasts and human figurines; remarkable accomplishments were achieved in rock grottoes, Buddhist pagodas and imperial mausoleums

During the Sui-Tang Dynasties (590- 906)Sui was stationed in the capital Chang'an, assuming an extensive-scope civil construction. The succeeding Tang with an aid of the political stability and the prosperous diffusion of Buddhism and daoism, witnessed the full-fledged building technology in palaces and temples

 During the Sui-Tang Dynasties (590— 906) Sui was stationed in the capital Chang’an, assuming an extensive-scope civil construction. The succeeding Tang, with an aid of the political stability and the prosperous diffusion of Buddhism and Daoism, witnessed the full-fledged building technology in palaces and temples

After the revolt in the reign of Emperor Gao quantities of architectural treasures had been demolished to pieces except the brick-stone pagodas, certain grottoes and graveyards. The stone arch bridges in Sui and the wood-framed Buddhist temples at the close of Tang Were rated as the most valuable relics therein. The building style of Tang appeared robust in structure and soigne in technique, an imposing sight in the history of Chinese architecture

 After the revolt in the reign of Emperor Gao quantities of architectural treasures had been demolished to pieces except the brick-stone pagodas, certain grottoes and graveyards. The stone￾arch bridges in Sui and the wood-framed Buddhist temples at the close of Tang were rated as the most valuable relics therein. The building style of Tang appeared robust in structure and soigné in technique, an imposing sight in the history of Chinese architecture

The Five Kingdoms-Song-Liao-Jurchen period (906-1280 was paralleled by the workmanship that took on a trend from the intricate to the frail-looking in erection of palaces in the mid-Song; despite them being shattered in fires and earthquakes, Buddhist abbeys or pagodas built in a fixed regular and punctilious manner are equally available everywhere in good standing in the northern provinces. a book entitled Stereotypes in Civil Engineering has been in reserve as a testimony to the vicissitudes in this respect

 The Five Kingdoms-Song-Liao-Jurchen period (906-1280 was paralleled by the workmanship that took on a trend from the intricate to the frail-looking in erection of palaces in the mid-Song; despite them being shattered in fires and earthquakes, Buddhist abbeys or pagodas built in a fixed regular and punctilious manner are equally available everywhere in good standing in the northern provinces. A book entitled Stereotypes in Civil Engineering has been in reserve as a testimony to the vicissitudes in this respect