《园林植物遗传学》课程PPT教学课件：第一章 遗传的细胞学基础

第一章遗传的细胞学基础 、细胞及其内含物 (一)细胞的结构及功能 二)细胞内含物及其分布 (三)细胞的重要性

第一章 遗传的细胞学基础 一、细胞及其内含物 （一）细胞的结构及功能 （二）细胞内含物及其分布 (三) 细胞的重要性

Diagram of a"Typical" Animal Cell clear membrane Chromatin material Golg apparatus Cytoplasm Centriole Ribosomes Endoplasmi Cell membran Ribosome

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Nucleus Nucleoli Nuclear chromatin endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome arge Vacuole Mitochondrion Golgi body Middle lamella Cell wall of adjacent cell Chloroplast

A Fungus Cell A Monera Cell Bacteria A Protist Cell ( Protozoan Cell wall Cell made of chien membrane Cell membrane Cell membrane Cell vsD Cell wall Chromosome Chromogen materal maerial bounded by a bounded by a nuclear niennarane membrare Chromasome materal bounded by a nuclea membrane A Plant Cell An Animal Cell Smal vacuoles Nucleus Cell memberane n

细胞的重要性 1.结构单位 2.功能单位 3.繁殖单位

• 细胞的重要性 1. 结构单位 2. 功能单位 3. 繁殖单位

Compounds From the 92 elements that exist, more than three million different compounds have been formed Compounds are formed when two or more different kinds of elements combine chemically in fixed amounts Almost 95 percent of these compounds are organic. This means that the compounds contain the element carbon The majority of compounds found in cells are organic. Water and edrochlonic acid are two exceptions. Most organic compounds in living systems can be put into one of four": (1) carbohy. dates sugars, starches, and cellulose: (2) lipids: fats, oils, and waxes: 3) proteins; and (4) nucleic acids. You can see examples of some of Carbohydrates these organic compounds to the right and below. Fats Proteins Nucleic acids

染色体的结构 (一)染色体的化学组成 DNA (1) 染色体{ PROTEIN(15~2.5)组蛋白(1) RNA(005) 非组蛋白0.5~1.5

二、染色体的结构 （一）染色体的化学组成 DNA （1） 染色体 PROTEIN(1.5~2.5) 组蛋白(1) RNA(0.05) 非组蛋白(0.5~1.5)

(二)染色体的形态 Metaphase Shape Centromere cHromatid Replicated Chromosome chromosome

(二)染色体的形态

)染色体的结构 均蛋白 相蛋白儿体 线管 级线管 2 um Figure 5 15 A scanning electron micrograph of human metaphase chromosome number 8, show ng the two sister chromatids paired along their In axis, Courtesy of C. Harrison, Christie Hospital nd holt radin Institute, Manchester, U. K

(三)染色体的结构

Chapter 7: Gene and Chromosome Changes 169 细胞核型分析 alters of blood owed from body 3. Culture medium added to white cell suspension Chemical added to blood to stop cell division 5 Blood cells spread Male karyotype RA涓犭篇】百高x x名自在 A AA AI A4 A4A 1112131415 2131415 AaA4

细胞核型分析