《英语国家社会与文化入门》课程PPT教学课件（下册）The Society and Culture of Major English-Speaking Countries An Introduction Book 2 Unit 05 American Economy

The United States of America Unit 5 American Economy

The United States of America Unit 5 American Economy

Quiz Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: 1 伊莱·惠特尼 2 塞缪尔·斯莱特 3 美国的工业革命 4 股份 5 农业产业 6 流动工人/季节性打工者

Quiz Give the English and a brief explanation for the following: 1 伊莱·惠特尼 2 塞缪尔·斯莱特 3 美国的工业革命 4 股份 5 农业产业 6 流动工人/季节性打工者

Focal Points ·Samuel Slater ·Eli Whitney Industrial Revolution in America ·corporation ·stock the roots of America's affluence ·agribusiness ·migrant workers the success and problems of American agriculture

Focal Points • Samuel Slater • Eli Whitney • Industrial Revolution in America • corporation • stock • the roots of America's affluence • agribusiness • migrant workers • the success and problems of American agriculture

This Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I.Industrial Revolution II.Free Enterprise III.The Roots of Affluence IV.American Agriculture V.The Recession

This Unit Is Divided into Five Sections I. Industrial Revolution II. Free Enterprise III. The Roots of Affluence IV.American Agriculture V. The Recession

I.Industrial Revolution In England,machinery run by water power and later by steam power was used to manufacture cloth--people started to work in factories instead of working at home

I. Industrial Revolution • In England, machinery run by water power and later by steam power was used to manufacture cloth -- people started to work in factories instead of working at home

Industrial Revolution in the U.S Took place when the U.S.was born and Adam Smith's book was published; Early decisions by leaders, THE WEALTH eg.Hamiltonian measures (protective OF NATIONS tariff)encouraged business and ADAM SMITH industrial growth

• Took place when the U.S. was born and Adam Smith’s book was published; • Early decisions by leaders, eg. Hamiltonian measures (protective tariff) encouraged business and industrial growth. Industrial Revolution in the U.S

1.The introduction of the factory system The first factory in the U.S.--a cotton textile mill built by an Englishman Samuel Slater in Pawtucket,Rhode Island (1793) The success of Slater's factory turned the northeastern region of the U.S.into an important manufacturing center,and the nation a major cotton producer. Samuel Slater

1. The introduction of the factory system • The first factory in the U.S. -- a cotton textile mill built by an Englishman Samuel Slater in Pawtucket, Rhode Island (1793) • The success of Slater’s factory turned the northeastern region of the U.S. into an important manufacturing center, and the nation a major cotton producer. Samuel Slater

2.The“American system”of mass production originated in the firearms industry about 1800 required precision engineering to create parts that were interchangeable,which allowed the final product to be assembled in stages,each worker specializing in a specific operation

2. The “American system” of mass production • originated in the firearms industry about 1800. • required precision engineering to create parts that were interchangeable, which allowed the final product to be assembled in stages, each worker specializing in a specific operation

Eli Whitney made cotton production more efficient by inventing the cotton gin making guns with machinery,producing interchangeable parts B WIDYET. Eli Whitney

Eli Whitney • made cotton production more efficient by inventing the cotton gin • making guns with machinery, producing interchangeable parts Eli Whitney

Moving assembly line"-Henry Ford improved efficiency,saved labor costs 。 "scientific management"lowered the costs of production higher wages for workers and lower prices for consumers The moving assembly line

“Moving assembly line” – Henry Ford • improved efficiency, saved labor costs • “scientific management” lowered the costs of production • higher wages for workers and lower prices for consumers The moving assembly line