《智能、绿色建筑与 中国建筑节能策》讲义

智能、绿色建筑与 中国建筑节能策略 Intelligent Green Buildings and Strategy for Energy Saving of Buildings in China 仇保兴 Qiu BaoXing 2005年3月28日 March 28 2005

1 仇 保 兴 Qiu BaoXing 2005年3月28日 March 28, 2005 智能、绿色建筑与 中国建筑节能策略 Intelligent Green Buildings and Strategy for Energy Saving of Buildings in China

中国建筑节能二阶段目标及其意义 Objectives and significance for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings in China 二、“信息”的特征与智能绿色建筑 Characteristics of "information"and intelligent green buildings 三、绿色建筑与一般建筑的区别 Differences between green buildings and general ones 四、推行绿色建筑的一般对策 Basic countermeasures to initiate green buildings 五、启动中国绿色建筑运动的杠杆—强化对地方政 府的激励 The lever to start up the green building initiative of China enhanced incentive to local governments

2 一、中国建筑节能二阶段目标及其意义 Objectives and significance for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings in China 二、 “信息”的特征与智能绿色建筑 Characteristics of “information” and intelligent green buildings 三、 绿色建筑与一般建筑的区别 Differences between green buildings and general ones 四、推行绿色建筑的一般对策 Basic countermeasures to initiate green buildings 五、启动中国绿色建筑运动的杠杆——强化对地方政 府的激励 The lever to start up the green building initiative of China – enhanced incentive to local governments

中国建筑节能二阶段目标及其意义 Objectives and significance for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings in China 1.中国城镇化与建筑耗能 China's urbanization and energy consumption by buildings ·预计到2030年城镇化率每年平均提高1~15个百分点 By 2030, the urbanization rate of china will increase by 1-1.5 percentage points per annum on an average basis.(Picture 5)

3 一、中国建筑节能二阶段目标及其意义 1．中国城镇化与建筑耗能 • 预计到2030年城镇化率每年平均提高1～1.5个百分点 China’s urbanization and energy consumption by buildings By 2030, the urbanization rate of China will increase by 1~1.5 percentage points per annum on an average basis. (Picture 5) Objectives and significance for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings in China

90000 60000 30000 984198619881990199219941996199820002002 004 城镇人口(万人) 乡村人口(万人) 一城镇化水平(%)

4 0 30000 60000 90000 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 城镇人口（万人） 乡村人口（万人） 城镇化水平（%）

城镇化过程曲线 100 80 后期阶段 ±60 加速阶段 <鸡口< 40 中国37.7(2001) 初期阶段 中国3000995) 20 中国179201978) 时间

5

1.中国城镇化与建筑耗能 China's urbanization and energy consumption by buildings 每年约有1200万~1500万人从农村移民到城市,从现 在开始将转移5亿人口 About 12-15 million people will migrate from rural areas to urban areas each year From now, 500 million people will migrate 每个城镇人口平均耗能水平为农村人口的3~3.5倍 Each urban population consumes energy 3-3.5 times as much as by rural population

6 1．中国城镇化与建筑耗能 • 每年约有1200万～1500万人从农村移民到城市，从现 在开始将转移5亿人口 China’s urbanization and energy consumption by buildings About 12~15 million people will migrate from rural areas to urban areas each year. From now, 500 million people will migrate. • 每个城镇人口平均耗能水平为农村人口的3～3.5倍 Each urban population consumes energy 3~3.5 times as much as by rural population

1.中国城镇化与建筑耗能 China's urbanization and energy consumption by buildings 每年约新建20亿平方米建筑 2.0 billion square meters of buildings are built each year 现有440亿平方米存量建筑中,绝大部分是高耗能建筑 Most of the existing 44 billion square meters of buildings in stock are high-energy-consuming buildings

7 1．中国城镇化与建筑耗能 • 每年约新建20亿平方米建筑 China’s urbanization and energy consumption by buildings 2.0 billion square meters of buildings are built each year. • 现有440亿平方米存量建筑中，绝大部分是高耗能建筑 Most of the existing 44 billion square meters of buildings in stock are high-energy-consuming buildings

2.建筑全过程的物质与能源消耗 Materials and energy consumption in the overall process of building 全球的资源: 全球的污染 能源:50% 空气污染:50% 建筑全过程 水资源:42% 温室效应:42% 原材料:50% 水污染:50 耕地:48% 固体废物:48 氟氯化物:50%

8 全球的资源： 能源： 50% 水资源： 42% 原材料： 50% 耕地： 48% 全球的污染： 空气污染： 50% 温室效应： 42% 水污染： 50% 固体废物： 48% 氟氯化物： 50% 建筑全过程 2．建筑全过程的物质与能源消耗 Materials and energy consumption in the overall process of building

3.建筑节能二阶段目标 Objectives for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings 第一阶段: Phase1: 2010年全面启动建筑节能和推广绿色建筑 In 2010, launch the initiative of energy saving of buildings and promote green buildings 平均节能率达到50% Average energy saving rate will reach 50%

9 3．建筑节能二阶段目标 • 第一阶段：Phase 1: Objectives for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings ➢ 2010年全面启动建筑节能和推广绿色建筑 In 2010, launch the initiative of energy saving of buildings and promote green buildings. ➢ 平均节能率达到50％ Average energy saving rate will reach 50%

3.建筑节能二阶段目标 Objectives for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings 第二阶段: Phase2: 2020年进一步提高建筑节能标准 Further improve the energy saving standards of buildings in 2020 平均节能率达到60%,东部地区可达更高的标 Average energy saving rate will reach 60%, much higher eastern regions

10 3．建筑节能二阶段目标 • 第二阶段：Phase 2: Objectives for the 2-phase energy saving of buildings ➢ 2020年进一步提高建筑节能标准 Further improve the energy saving standards of buildings in 2020. ➢ 平均节能率达到60％，东部地区可达更高的标 Average energy saving rate will reach 60%, much higher in eastern regions