上海交通大学：《材料热力学 Thermodynamics of materials》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）lecture 1 第一定律 First law（1/2）

Contents of Today S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications Review(Units,math) 0hlaw(第零定律) System and surroundings(系统与环境) Intensive and extensive properties (强度性质 与广延性质) Energy(能量 Work,heat transfer (功，热传导) Notation(符号) etc. Page 1 to Page 16 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 1/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 1/38 Contents of Today Review (Units, math) 0th law (第零定律) System and surroundings （系统与环境） Intensive and extensive properties （强度性质 与广延性质） Energy （能量） Work, heat transfer （功，热传导） Notation （符号） etc. Page 1 to Page 16

S.J.T.0. Keywords Phase Transformation and Applications Units - Length长度 Mass and Amount of Material 质 量 Time 时间 Electric Current 电流 Temperature 温度 -Force 力 -Pressure 压强 Volume 体积 - Energy 能量 Power 功率 -Composition 成分 Checking units SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 2/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 2/38 • Units – Length 长度 – Mass and Amount of Material 质 量 – Time 时间 – Electric Current 电流 – Temperature 温度 – Force 力 – Pressure 压强 – Volume 体积 – Energy 能量 – Power 功率 – Composition 成分 • Checking units Keywords

Review S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications ·Logarithms 对数 ·Differentials 微分 ·Partial derivatives 偏微分 ·Total differential 全微分 ·Factorials 阶乘 Homogeneous functions 齐次函数 Lagrange method of undetermined multipliers 拉格朗日未定乘数法 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring20o9©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 3/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 3/38 • Logarithms 对数 • Differentials 微分 • Partial derivatives 偏微分 • Total differential 全微分 • Factorials 阶乘 • Homogeneous functions 齐次函数 • Lagrange method of undetermined multipliers 拉格朗日未定乘数法 Review

课程补充说明 S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications ·互动knowledge/idea课堂/office hours Email,website (QQ:34756158;Wechat: 15921793455) ·全英语 ·考试 ·专业词汇thermodynamics of materials ·网站 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 4/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 4/38 课程补充说明 • 互动knowledge / idea 课堂 / office hours Email, website (QQ:34756158; Wechat: 15921793455) • 全英语 • 考试 • 专业词汇 thermodynamics of materials • 网站

Purpose:Why will we learn TD S.J.T.U. Phase Transformation and Applications Thermodynamics is about developing a rigorous understanding of natural processes. Much of what you will learn about materials science will rely on your comprehension of thermodynamics. The basis of your future major courses SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 5/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 5/38 Purpose: Why will we learn TD Thermodynamics is about developing a rigorous understanding of natural processes. Much of what you will learn about materials science will rely on your comprehension of thermodynamics. The basis of your future major courses

Purpose (II) s.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications The science of thermodynamics is concerned with heat and work.and transformations between the two. It is based on two laws of nature,the first and second laws of thermodynamics. By logical reasoning and skillful manipulation of these laws,it is possible to correlate many of the properties of materials and to gain insight into the many chemical and physical changes that materials undergo. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 6/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 6/38 Purpose (II) The science of thermodynamics is concerned with heat and work, and transformations between the two. It is based on two laws of nature, the first and second laws of thermodynamics. By logical reasoning and skillful manipulation of these laws, it is possible to correlate many of the properties of materials and to gain insight into the many chemical and physical changes that materials undergo

Contents of the course S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications 热力学研究热功转换的方向、限度以及能量的衡算。 ·0,1st,2nd,3 rd laws Property Relationships e Equilibrium Chemical Equilibrium Electrochemistry ·Solution 。 Phase rule 。 Phase diagrams ● Statistical Thermodynamics Surfaces and Interfaces SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 7/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 7/38 Contents of the course • 0, 1st, 2nd, 3rd laws • Property Relationships • Equilibrium • Chemical Equilibrium • Electrochemistry • Solution • Phase rule • Phase diagrams • Statistical Thermodynamics • Surfaces and Interfaces 热力学研究热功转换的方向、限度以及能量的衡算

How to learn? S.J.T.U. Phase Transformation and Applications 。Reading ·Discussion 。Exercise God helps those who help themselves! SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring2009©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 8/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 8/38 How to learn? • Reading • Discussion • Exercise God helps those who help themselves!

Units S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications ℃ 100 ·Temperature -200 -1 Kelvin 150 50- -F=32+1.8C -100 50 0 ·Composition -18K:18/24Mass% -Measurement 图1-2 华氏温标 与摄氏温标 的对比 SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 9/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 9/38 Units • Temperature – 1 Kelvin – F=32+1.8C • Composition – 18K: 18/24 Mass % – Measurement

Math S.J.T.0. Phase Transformation and Applications ·Total differential 2=f(x,y) 0 a), Euler Stiring approximately equation lnW！≈WlnW-W SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 ©X.J.Jin Lecture 1 First law I 10/38

Phase Transformation and Applications S. J. T. U. SJTU Thermodynamics of Materials Spring 2009 © X. J. Jin Lecture 1 First law I 10/38 Math • Total differential ln N! N ln N  N • Stiring approximately equation   1          z y x zy xz yx x y z y z x z x y             Euler z  f (x, y)