清华大学出版社：《C语言程序设计》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）Introduction To Computers

C语言40学时 Chapter 0 Introduction Computers Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 Chapter 0 Introduction To Computers

Figure 1-1 C语言40学时 COMPUTER SYSTEM HARDWARE SOFTWARE Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 Figure 1-1 C语言４０学时

C语言40学时 Hardware The hardware is the physical equipment. It consists of five parts: (Figure 1-2) input devices - keyboard central processing unit (CPU) primary storage or main memory output devices - monitor or printer auxiliary or secondary storage devices -used for both input and output Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 Hardware • The hardware is the physical equipment. It consists of five parts: (Figure 1-2) – input devices – keyboard – central processing unit (CPU) – primary storage or main memory – output devices – monitor or printer – auxiliary or secondary storage devices – used for both input and output

Figure 1-2 C语言40学时 Monitor K∈ ebara CPU Prima Storage Input Devices Printer Disk Tape Auxiliary Storage Devices Output Devices Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 Figure 1-2 C语言４０学时

C语言40学时 CPU CPU contains arithmetic logic unit: +, x, / and Or control unit fetches instructions and data from memory executes instructions puts data back in memory (when we talk about a 600 MHz( mega hertz) Pentium Il, we are talking about how fast the CPU can do these things.) Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 CPU • CPU contains – arithmetic logic unit: +, -, *, /, and. Or – control unit: • fetches instructions and data from memory; • executes instructions • puts data back in memory • (when we talk about a 600 MHz( mega￾hertz) Pentium III, we are talking about how fast the CPU can do these things.)

C语言40学时 Primary Storage(Main Memory The place where data and program are stored during execution It always contains the operating system Not permanent Data goes away when power is off Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 Primary Storage (Main Memory) • The place where data and program are stored during execution. • It always contains the operating system • Not permanent. Data goes away when power is off

C语言40学时 Auxiliary (Secondary) Storage It may be permanent, erasable, slower access than main memory We will have more study in later Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 Auxiliary (Secondary) Storage • It may be permanent, erasable, slower access than main memory • We will have more study in later

Figure 1-3 C语言40学时 Software System pplication Software Software Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 Figure 1-3 C语言４０学时

C语言40学时 Software The software is the collection of programs (instructions )that allow the hardware to do its job. It includes two categories: (Figure 1-3) system software: manages the computer resources and provides the interface between the hardware and the users application software helps users to solve their problems directly. Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 Software • The software is the collection of programs (instructions) that allow the hardware to do its job. It includes two categories: (Figure 1-3) – system software: manages the computer resources and provides the interface between the hardware and the users. – application software helps users to solve their problems directly

C语言40学时 System Software It consists of programs. These programs are divided into three classes operating system system support(provides system utilities and other operating services) system development(the language translators, debugging tools, computer assisted software engineering(CASE)) Brooks/Cole C Brooks/Cole, 2001 Thomson Learni

© Brooks/Cole, 2001 C语言４０学时 System Software • It consists of programs. These programs are divided into three classes: – operating system – system support(provides system utilities and other operating services) – system development(the language translators, debugging tools,computer assisted software engineering (CASE)) •