中国地质大学：《构造地质学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Chapter 1 Introduction

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY Instructor: Zeng Zuoxun

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY Instructor: Zeng Zuoxun

Chapter One Introduction G oals Outline Two supports Types of structures Quantitative techniques Application Suggestion

Chapter One Introduction • Goals • Outline • Two supports • Types of structures • Quantitative techniques • Application • Suggestion

GOALS Study and Learn 1) Techniques of structural analysis 2) Types of natural structures 3)Problem solving: 3D geometry, mechanics of materials. basic field methods 4) Applications to applied and basic earth science

GOALS Study and Learn 1) Techniques of structural analysis 2) Types of natural structures 3) Problem solving: 3D geometry, mechanics of materials, basic field methods 4) Applications to applied and basic earth science

OUTLINE OF THE COURSE 1)GEOMETRY AND GEOMETRICAL TECHNIQUES 2)COMMON STRUCTURES -JOINTS, FAULTS, FOLDS 3) MECHANICS- FORCES, STRESSES DEFORMATION 4)APPLICATIONS AND FIELD EXPERIENCE

OUTLINE OF THE COURSE 1) GEOMETRY AND GEOMETRICAL TECHNIQUES 2) COMMON STRUCTURES – JOINTS, FAULTS, FOLDS 3) MECHANICS – FORCES, STRESSES & DEFORMATION 4) APPLICATIONS AND FIELD EXPERIENCE

TERMINOLOGY STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY -study of deformed rocks and processes of deformation at atomic to regional scale (kilometers) TECTONICS -Study of deformed rocks and processes of deformation at regional to global scale. Dimensions of observation and measurement 1) Atomic- below resolution of optical microscope microns 2)Microscopic: centimeters 3)Mesoscopic: centimeters to tens of meters [ outcrop 4)Megascopic: tens of meters large

TERMINOLOGY STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY – study of deformed rocks and processes of deformation at atomic to regional scale (kilometers). TECTONICS – study of deformed rocks and processes of deformation at regional to global scale. Dimensions of Observation and Measurement 1) Atomic – below resolution of optical microscope [ ‘microns’ ] 2) Microscopic: tens of meters [‘ large ’ ]

fractUrinG Planet-scale Veining Key words: Structure Mechanics Tectonics Europa, moon of Jupiter, NASA Image

FRACTURING & Planet-scale Veining ? [Europa, moon of Jupiter, NASA Image] Key Words: Structure Mechanics Tectonics

SLOPE STABILITY geomorphology A STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY PROBLEM NASA IMAGE MARS

SLOPE STABILITY & GEOMORPHOLOGY A STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY PROBLEM NASA IMAGE MARS

TYPES OF STRUCTURES 1) PRIMARY: Part of rock forming process 2) TECTONIC: Forms during subsequent deformation of the rock or deposit Examples: Sedimentary bedding-Primary Igneous flow banding-Primary Thrust fault- Tectonic Anticline - Tectonic

TYPES OF STRUCTURES 1) PRIMARY: Part of rock forming process 2) TECTONIC: Forms during subsequent deformation of the rock or deposit Examples: Sedimentary bedding – Primary Igneous flow banding – Primary Thrust fault – Tectonic Anticline - Tectonic

PRIMARY SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES Morrison Fm formation Summerville Fm contacts Curtis/ Fm. Entrada Sandstone

PRIMARY SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES