中国科学技术大学：《嵌入式系统设计方法》课程教学资源（课件讲稿，第一版）05 RTE设计方法之CBD与MBD

中围种学技本大学 RTE设计方法之CBD与MBD 李曦 llxx@ustc.edu.cn 计算机系、计算机应用研究室

RTE设计方法之CBD与MBD 李曦 llxx@ustc.edu.cn 计算机系、计算机应用研究室

Developers/ Customers Integrators 内容提要 Project Managers Complexity Challenge -CBD:分治，结构 Vendors -MBD:抽象，方法 Regulators Testers ·Integrate Models to DESIGN-BUILD-VALIDATE-VERIFY o Domain Specific Modeling Languages -Specification languages -UML DOING HARD TIME DEVELOPING REAL-TIVE Modeling and MARTE 22 S1T婚国L,OC我 Analysis of FRUMEWORKS AND PATTERNS Real-Time and Embedded Systems with SCE POWELDOLOLAS -AADL UML and MARTE Bran Sebe MK

内容提要 • Complexity Challenge – CBD：分治，结构 – MBD：抽象，方法 • Integrate Models to DESIGN-BUILD-VALIDATE-VERIFY 2/71 DESIGN-BUILD-VALIDATE-VERIFY • Domain Specific Modeling Languages – Specification languages – UML – MARTE – AADL

Component Based Development 。 Reuse:TTM,Cost,Quality Identify needed Components are boxes with interfaces components A component is a hw/sw unit that accepts input messages,provides a useful service and Make itera- Search for produces output messages containing the tion N+1 of components results after some elapsed physical time. the system in library 一 ports:Control,Data,Resources Connections establish control and data flows Save new Extract Synchronous or asynchronous communication components found in library components Immediate and delayed connections - distributed Build Properties of a good Component not-found components Well-specified service Encapsulation (hiding internal structure) Well-defined interface Unique ldentification Known Quality llxx@ustc.edu.cn 3/71

Component Based Development • Reuse：TTM，Cost，Quality • Components are boxes with interfaces – A component is a hw/sw unit that accepts input messages, provides a useful service and produces output messages containing the results after some elapsed physical time. – ports: Control，Data，Resources • Connections establish control and data flows llxx@ustc.edu.cn 3/71 – Synchronous or asynchronous communication – Immediate and delayed connections – distributed • Properties of a good Component – Well-specified service – Encapsulation (hiding internal structure) – Well-defined interface – Unique Identification – Known Quality

CBD体系结构 可重用性 Computational Computational Computational Object Object Object reusability Computational ● 可替代性 Computational Object Object - Substitutability Computation/Communication Layer 可扩展性 Refinement - Extensibility Implementation Implementation Computational Computational 可组合性 Platform Communication Platform Platform composability Platform Layer Physical Physical Physical Object Object Object System Glue code Components Cyber-Physical Object Cyber-Physical Object Physical Layer Computational Interaction Physical Interaction llxx@ustc.edu.cn 4/71

CBD体系结构 • 可重用性 – reusability • 可替代性 – Substitutability • 可扩展性 – Extensibility • 可组合性 – composability llxx@ustc.edu.cn 4/71

Model Based Design system-level modeling cosimulation. symbolic imperative FSM dataflow discrete event synthesis partitioning software ASIC logic compiler synthesis synthesis synthesis execution execution ASIC logic model model model model cosimulation detail modeling and simulation llxx@ustc.edu.cn From Lee(Berkeley) 5/71

Model Based Design llxx@ustc.edu.cn 5/71 From Lee (Berkeley)

Needs for Model-Based RTES Analysis Design-Oriented Analysis-Oriented Models Models Semantic (code generation,...) (formal models) mismatch Model Editors Schedulability Analysis o-a5h /b How to specify unambiguous 50 Trade-offs between non-functional Power Analysis different parameters? Information? Data-flow,Components, Classes,State-Charts,... Hollstic models,RMA- based,queuing theory

Needs for Model-Based RTES Analysis

Need for Design-Analysis Integration Behavior coverage Industry View (Trade-off Problem) Farmal Verinc Time-to-Market delays Profit Dependability Analysis Simulation Modulee I Subeyeteme Syeteme Design Size Industry Response(Dcoignor Analyst Problem) Designers do Analysis Experience Model-Driven analyses lack Engineering Most uonoensqe Time for Analyses Designers Research Solution Domain Desicn-Analysis Analyzable Design Models Specific Integration Languages E I

Need for Design-Analysis Integration

“Y-Chart”Approach for Model--Based Analysis Applications,Platform,Allocation Application Platform Model Model Applic.Constraints Resources QoS .Environment Params .Capacity,speed.etc. .Quality Requirements Reliability(avallabillty .Design Constraints fault tolerance,etc.) Allocation Alloc.Information put Files for .Applic.to Platform Analysis mapping .Allocation-specific properties Analysis Tools Analysis Results Specification of Non-Functional Properties! Generated Code

“Y-Chart” Approach for Model-Based Analysis • Applications，Platform，Allocation

Collaborative Environments CASE Tool Model Checking Code Generation Requirements Manag. Common Repository Analyze Build Code Requirem. Validate Verify Design Integration of V&V Information Reliability Analysis Schedulability Analysis WCET Analysis Performance Simulation

Collaborative Environments

UML (Unified Modeling Language) ·统一建模语言是可视化的设计说明语言 -统一了Booch、Rumbaugh和Jacobson的表示方法 ·Booch的描述对象集合和它们之间的关系的方法 ·Rumbaugh的对象建模技术(OMT) ·Jacobson的用例方法 一统一描述系统的硬件和软件，对系统的功能建模 -可自动产生实际设计的HDL或C++代码 I-Logix公司的Rhapsody系列产品 一用于建立软件系统模型，也可以描述非软件系统 ·机械系统，企业机构，业务过程，信息系统 ·NASA火星探路者：运用Rhapsody在VxWorks.上开发 一通过表达系统的需求使软件系统的模型文档化 llxx@ustc.edu.cn 10/112

UML(Unified Modeling Language) • 统一建模语言是可视化的设计说明语言 – 统一了Booch、Rumbaugh和Jacobson的表示方法 • Booch的描述对象集合和它们之间的关系的方法 • Rumbaugh的对象建模技术（OMT） • Jacobson的用例方法 – 统一描述系统的硬件和软件，对系统的功能建模 llxx@ustc.edu.cn 10/112 – 可自动产生实际设计的HDL或C++代码 • I-Logix公司的Rhapsody系列产品 – 用于建立软件系统模型，也可以描述非软件系统 • 机械系统,企业机构,业务过程,信息系统 • NASA火星探路者：运用Rhapsody在VxWorks上开发 – 通过表达系统的需求使软件系统的模型文档化