郧阳师范高等专科学校：《综合英语》（英文版）Unit 11 Shaka King of the Zulus

Unit ll Shaka King of the Zulus 邶师专英语系综合英语教研室

Unit 11 Shaka — King of the Zulus 郧阳师专英语系综合英语教研室

Background knowledge 1. A map of Zululand祖鲁兰(旧时为祖鲁王国 Zulu Kingdom) Zululand---the dark green colour in the map BOTSWANA MAPUTALAI NAMIEJA Johannesburg /Nongo Richards SOUTH AFRICA w儿UNAA INDIAN batuba East London OCEAN ot Elzabeth

Background knowledge ▪ I. A map of Zululand祖鲁兰 (旧时为祖 鲁王国Zulu Kingdom ) Zululand---the dark green colour in the map

1. The Zulu Nation-A Brief History The Zulu are a proud tribe native to the KwaZuluNatal province of South Africa. Historically the Zulu were a mighty warrior nation and are believed to be descendants of the patriarch Zulu, the son of a Nguni chief in the Congo basin in central Africa. Apartheid textbooks taught that South Africa was virtually empty of human habitation when colonised by the dutch in 1652. The reality is that the zulu people began to migrate towards their present location in Natal during the 16n century

▪ 1. The Zulu Nation – A Brief History ▪ The Zulu are a proud tribe native to the KwaZuluNatal province of South Africa. Historically the Zulu were a mighty warrior nation and are believed to be descendants of the patriarch Zulu, the son of a Nguni chief in the Congo basin in central Africa. Apartheid textbooks taught that South Africa was virtually empty of human habitation when colonised by the Dutch in 1652. The reality is that the Zulu people began to migrate towards their present location in Natal during the 16th century

A crucial turning point in Zulu history occurred during the reign of Shaka as king of the Zulu's from 1816 to 1828. Prior to his rule the Zulu's consisted of numerous clans that were related but disorganised Shaka was a mighty and fearsome warrior and united the clans into a single powerful tribe. He introduced a new system of military organisation and revolutionised his armys weaponry and military tactics. he introduced new battle formations that left his enemies outflanked and confused. He was a strict and brutal disciplinarian soldiers were required to remain celibate and a violation of this rule was punishable by death. Shaka increased the power of his tribe Conquered clans and tribes were incorporated into the Zulu nation and in eleven years he increased their number from 1500 people to 50 000 Warriors alone

▪ A crucial turning point in Zulu history occurred during the reign of Shaka as king of the Zulu’s from 1816 to 1828. Prior to his rule the Zulu’s consisted of numerous clans that were related but disorganised. Shaka was a mighty and fearsome warrior and united the clans into a single powerful tribe. He introduced a new system of military organisation and revolutionised his army’s weaponry and military tactics. He introduced new battle formations that left his enemies outflanked and confused. He was a strict and brutal disciplinarian, soldiers were required to remain celibate and a violation of this rule was punishable by death. Shaka increased the power of his tribe. Conquered clans and tribes were incorporated into the Zulu nation and in eleven years he increased their number from 1500 people to 50 000 warriors alone

From the time of Shaka onwards, the Zulu's fought many wars to keep from being dominated by the British settlers The final Zulu uprising before succumbing to the British was lead by Chief Bambatha in 1906. From then on the tribe that had once been master of much of the eastern coastal regions and interior of South Africa, was subjected to an increasingly harsh series of racist laws that led to poverty and disempowerment

▪ From the time of Shaka onwards, the Zulu’s fought many wars to keep from being dominated by the British settlers. The final Zulu uprising before succumbing to the British was lead by Chief Bambatha in 1906. From then on the tribe that had once been master of much of the eastern coastal regions and interior of South Africa, was subjected to an increasingly harsh series of racist laws that led to poverty and disempowerment

Zulu Beehive Houses South Africa Zululand is a region of South Africa along the eastern coast. The traditional architecture consists of "beehive" houses constructed of layers of thatch covering a framework of wooden strips. These houses are usually arranged in a circle. There are many variations of this type of architecture in other parts of Africa

▪ Zulu Beehive Houses, South Africa ▪ Zululand is a region of South Africa along the eastern coast. The traditional architecture consists of “beehive” houses constructed of layers of thatch covering a framework of wooden strips. These houses are usually arranged in a circle. There are many variations of this type of architecture in other parts of Africa

Zulu beadwork The beadwork of the Zulu of South Africa is of particularly fine quality. These examples show the use of traditional geometric designs. Beading is used for jewelry, pouches, and other accessories and is also often used in mask making 圃目围

▪ Zulu Beadwork ▪ The beadwork of the Zulu of South Africa is of particularly fine quality. These examples show the use of traditional geometric designs. Beading is used for jewelry, pouches, and other accessories and is also often used in mask making. ▪

Zulu headmen The people of Zululand, the Zulu, were a powerful military force in southern Africa in the early 1800s. This photograph, taken in South Africa in 1888 shows three Zulu headmen wearing traditional warrior clothing and carrying the distinctive Zulu shields

▪ Zulu Headmen ▪ The people of Zululand, the Zulu, were a powerful military force in southern Africa in the early 1800s. This photograph, taken in South Africa in 1888, shows three Zulu headmen wearing traditional warrior clothing and carrying the distinctive Zulu shields

2. King Shaka Zulu Encarta Encyclopedia, Kuu Press/woodfin Camp and sociate, inc

▪ 2. King Shaka Zulu

1. Shaka(1787-1828), Zulu warrior chief, who set in motion the far- reaching changes of the mfecane, a period of warfare and forced migrations among southern African peoples. The son of the Zulu chieftain but born of a repudiated wife, Shaka spent his childhood and youth in exile, stigmatized and humiliated. In his twenties he distinguished himself for six years as a warrior in the service of chief Dingiswayo of the Mthethwa. When Shaka's father died in 1816 Dingiswayo sent Shaka to rule the Zulu. He immediately reorganized the Zulu fighting force and, with innovations in tactics and weaponry, shaped it into a formidable military machine geared to total warfare Within a year, Shaka had quadrupled the number of his subjects and army members by absorbing conquered groups into his Zulu nation

▪ 1. Shaka (1787-1828), Zulu warrior chief, who set in motion the far￾reaching changes of the mfecane, a period of warfare and forced migrations among southern African peoples. The son of the Zulu chieftain but born of a repudiated wife, Shaka spent his childhood and youth in exile, stigmatized and humiliated. In his twenties he distinguished himself for six years as a warrior in the service of Chief Dingiswayo of the Mthethwa. When Shaka's father died in 1816, Dingiswayo sent Shaka to rule the Zulu. He immediately reorganized the Zulu fighting force and, with innovations in tactics and weaponry, shaped it into a formidable military machine geared to total warfare. Within a year, Shaka had quadrupled the number of his subjects and army members by absorbing conquered groups into his Zulu nation