上海交通大学：《政治经济学经典导读》课程教学资源（PPT课件2012秋）Lecture10 社会联盟与政治经济

上浒充通大学 SHANGHAI JLAO TONG UNIVERSITY 政治经济学经典导读 社会联盟与政治经济 2012秋季学期课程 国 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院 强 黄琪轩 sjtuhuangqixuan@gmail.com SHAN

政治经济学经典导读 社会联盟与政治经济 2012秋季学期课程 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院 黄琪轩 sjtuhuangqixuan@gmail.com

上浒充通大学 Outline SHANGHAI JLAO TONG UNIVERSITY ©1，Social Coalition Theory in Trade 2,Social Coalition Theory in Monetary Affairs ④3，Lecture 强 监顶 三 SHANC 1日 ERSI

Outline 1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade 2, Social Coalition Theory in Monetary Affairs 3, Lecture

上降克竹多ocial Coalition Theory infrade SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Q:How do you know in what products you country will have a comparative advantage? Factor Intensities: Simple Manufacturing Labor High-Tech Manufacturing→Capital Country Factor Endowments: 强 China→Labor 圈US→Capital SHANC 1日G

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade Q:How do you know in what products you country will have a comparative advantage? Factor Intensities: Simple Manufacturing → Labor High-Tech Manufacturing → Capital Country Factor Endowments: China→ Labor US → Capital

上降克Social Coalition Theory irade SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Hecksher-Ohlin Theory "Each nation has a comparative advantage in the production of those goods that use intensively those factors that they possess in relative abundance." China Labor-Simple Manufacturing EX:Shoes US→Capital→High-Tech Manufacturing 强 EX:Computers So China should produce shoes to trade for American computers (and vice versa) 1

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade Hecksher-Ohlin Theory “Each nation has a comparative advantage in the production of those goods that use intensively those factors that they possess in relative abundance.” China → Labor → Simple Manufacturing EX: Shoes US → Capital → High-Tech Manufacturing EX: Computers So China should produce shoes to trade for American computers (and vice versa)

上元8 ocial Coalition Theory ifradi SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Stolper-Samuelson Theory Q:Which groups in a society gain from free trade (and vice versa)? Free trade benefits the owners of (relatively) abundant factors of production. Free trade harms the owners of (relatively) 强 scarce factors of productions ALALA 1日G

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade Stolper-Samuelson Theory Q: Which groups in a society gain from free trade (and vice versa)? Free trade benefits the owners of (relatively) abundant factors of production. Free trade harms the owners of (relatively) scarce factors of productions

上降克竹Social Coalition Theory ifrade SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY EXAMPLE:United States 国 Land→Abundant 国 Labor Scarce (relative to other countries) 国 Capital-Abundant 强 LAAAANAAMA 云 SHANC 1日

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade EXAMPLE: United States Land → Abundant Labor → Scarce (relative to other countries) Capital → Abundant

上降克Social Coalition Theory infrade SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Q:Which groups in the US should favor/oppose free trade? © Capital intensive (e.g.,computers)and land intensive (e.g.,agriculture)should favor free trade. 国 Labor intensive (e.g.,textiles)should oppose free trade. 强 SHANC LLA 1日G

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade Q: Which groups in the US should favor/ oppose free trade? Capital intensive (e.g., computers) and land intensive (e.g., agriculture) should favor free trade. Labor intensive (e.g., textiles) should oppose free trade

上元58 ocial Coalition Theory mfrade SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Three Factors:Land,Labor,and Capital Land-Labor Ratio No country can be rich both in land and in labor: 国 a high land-labor ratio implies abundance of land and scarcity of labor;a low ratio signifies the opposite. 1日

1, Social Coalition Theory in Trade Three Factors: Land, Labor, and Capital Land-Labor Ratio No country can be rich both in land and in labor: a high land-labor ratio implies abundance of land and scarcity of labor; a low ratio signifies the opposite

Land-Labor Ratio High Low Abundant: Abundant: Capital Capital Advanced Economy Land Labor Scarce: Scarce: Labor Land Abundant: Abundant: Land Labor Backward Economy Scarce: Scarce: Capital Capital Labor Land

Land-Labor Ratio High Low Class cleavage: Urban-rural cleavage: Land and capital free-trading Capital and labor free-trading Advanced Economy assertive assertive Labor defensiveproeons Land defensive,roetions (Radicalism) Urban-rural cleavage: Class cleavage: Land free-trading,assertive Labor free-trading,assertive Backward Economy Labor and capital defensive, Land and capital defensive, protectionist protectionist (U.S.Populism) (Socialism)