河南中医药大学：《云计算与虚拟化技术 Cloud and virtualization technology》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）第09章 Virtual Machine

云计算与虚拟化技术 第9讲: Virtual machine 阮晓龙 13938213680/n@hactcm edu cn http://cloud.xg.hactcm.edu.cn http://www.51xueweb.cn 河南中医药大学信息管理与信息系统教研室 信息技术学院网络与信思系统科研工作室 2019.5

2 讨论提纲 Understanding Virtual Machines Examining Virtual Machines from the Inside Examining Virtual Machines from the Outside a Creating a Virtual Machine Values/Sizing/Naming/ Graphics Installing a guest Operating System /VMware Tool a Managing virtual Machines Adding or Registering Existing VMs Changing VM Power States /Removing/Deleting a Modifying virtual Machines Changing virtual Machine Hardware sing Virtual Machine Snapshots 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn

3 1.Understanding VMs 1.1Examining Virtual Machines from the Inside a From the perspective of software running inside a vm, a vm is really just a collection of virtual hardware resources selected for the purpose of running a guest OS instance a By default, VMware ESXi presents the following fairly generic hardware to the Vm a Phoenix BIOS a Intel 440BX motherboard a Intel PCl AHCI controller IDE CD-ROM drive BusLogic parallel SCSl, LSI Logic parallel SCSI, or LSI Logic SAS controller 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn

4 1.Understanding VMs 1.1Examining Virtual Machines from the Inside a From the perspective of software running inside a vm, a vm is really just a collection of virtual hardware resources selected for the purpose of running a guest OS instance a By default, VMware ESXi presents the following fairly generic hardware to the Vm AMD or Intel CPU, depending on the physical hardware a Intel E1000, Intel E1000e Standard VGa video adapter a VMware selected this generic hardware to provide the broadest level of compatibility across the entire supported guest OSs 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn

5 1.Understanding VMs 1.1Examining Virtual Machines from the Inside D AVM can include the following types and numbers of virtual hardware devices Processors: between 1 and 128 processors with vSphere Virtual SMP(the number of processors depends on your vSphere licenses Memory: maximum of 6 TB of RAM SCSI controller: maximum of 4 ScSI controllers SATA cOntroller: maximum of 4 SATa controllers Network adapter: maximum of 10 network adapters a Parallel port: maximum of 3 parallel ports Serial port: maximum of 32 serial ports Floppy drive: maximum of 2 floppy disk drives on a single floppy disk controller A single USB controller with up to 20 USB devices connected a Keyboard, video card, and mouse 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn

6 1.Understanding VMs 1.2Examining Virtual Machines from the Outside a From the perspective of an ESXi host, a VM consists of several types of files stored on a supported storage device The two most common files that compose a vm are the configuration file and the virtual hard disk file u The configuration file--hereafter referred to as the vmX file-is a plain-text file identified by a. vmx filename extension, and it functions as the virtual resource recipe of the vm The VMX file defines the virtual hardware that resides in the vm a The number of processors a The amount of ran a The number of network adapters a The associated mAc addresses o The networks to which the network adapters connect a The number, names, and locations of all virtual hard drives are stored in th configuration file 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn

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10 1.Understanding VMs 1.2Examining Virtual Machines from the Outside a From the perspective of an ESXi host, a VM consists of several types of files stored on a supported storage device Although the VMX file is important, it is only the structural definition of the virtual hardware that composes the vm. It does not store any actual data from the guest OS instance running inside the vm A separate type of file, the virtual hard disk file, performs that role The virtual hard disk file, identified by a vmdk filename extension and hereafter referred to as the vMDK file, holds the actual data stored by a vm a Each VMDK file represents a disk device 河南中医药大学/阮晓龙/13938213680/htp/cloudxg.hactcm.edu.cn/http:/www5ucwebcn